Unit 2_The Thigh Flashcards
What is a subcutaneous tissue that includes a superficial fatty layer, deep membranous layer, deep investing layer, or Fascia Latae, which is condensed laterally to form the IT band?
Fascia of the thigh
What does the obturator nerve of the anterior branch provide cutaneous innervation to?
Medial thigh
What does the posterior femoral cutaneous nerve (S1-S3) provide cutaneous innervation to?
Inferior Cluneal Nerve Branches
What provides circulation to the lower extremity?
Aorta –>
Common Iliac Artery –>
External Iliiac Artery –>
Femoral Artery
What is the distal continuation of the External Iliac Artery?
Femoral Artery
What branches make up the Femoral Artery Branches?
Superficial Epigastric Artery
Superficial Circumflex Iliac Artery
When does the External Iliac Artery turn into the Femoral Artery?
After it passes the Inguinal ligament
What artery branches make up the deep femoral artery branches?
Lateral Femoral Circumflex artery
Medial Femoral Circumflex artery
Four Perforating arteries (perforate Adductor Magnus muscle)
What artery arises from the internal iliac artery, exits through the obturator canal and supplies the medial compartment of the thigh?
Obturator artery
What are veins of the thigh?
External iliac vein (deep)
Deep vein of thigh (deep)
Femoral vein (deep)
Great saphenous vein (superficial)
What superficial vein begins on the dorsum of the foot, courses anterior to the Medial Malleolus, passes through fossa ovalis (saphenous opening) and terminates in the Femoral Vein?
Great Saphenous Vein
What superficial vein is commonly harvested for a coronary bypass graft?
Great Saphenous vein
What lymph node is an example of an Inguinal lymph node?
Cloquet’s Node
What superficial vein begins on the Lateral Dorsum of the foot, courses posterior to the Lateral Malleous and terminates in the Popliteal vein?
Small Saphenous vein
What are the muscle compartments of the thigh?
Anterior Compartment (Extension of the knee)
Medial Compartment (Adduction of the knee)
Posterior Compartment (Flexion of the knee)
What muscle compartment are the following included in?
Sartorius
Pectinius (most anterior adductor)
Iliacus
Psoas Major
Anterior Compartment (Extension of the knee)
What muscle compartment are the following included in?
Quadriceps Femoris (4 heads)
Rectus Femoris
Vastus Medialis
Vastus Lateralis
Vastus Intermedius
Anterior Compartment (Extension of the knee)
What muscle compartment are the following included in?
Gracilis
Adductor Longus
Adductor Brevis
Adductor Magnus (Pubofemoral portion)
Obturator externus
Medial Compartment (Adduction of the knee)
What muscle is sometimes considered part of the adductor group and sometimes considered to be part of the gluteus muscles? This muscle is also an external rotator with the gemellus superior and inferior, piriformis, and quadratus femoris.
Obturator externus
What muscle compartment are the following included in?
Hamstrings
Biceps Femoris (Long head, Short head)
Semimembranosus
Semitendinosus
Adductor Magnus (Ischiocondylar portion)
Posterior Compartment (Flexion of the knee)
What ligament includes fascia of the external abdominal oblique muscles?
Inguinal Ligament
What are the following structures borders of?
Inguinal ligament
Sartorius muscle
Iliopsoas muscle
Pectineus muscle
Femoral Triangle
What are the following structures included in?
Femoral Nerve
Femoral Artery
Femoral Vein
Femoral Canal & ring (“Empty”)
Lymphatics
“NAVEL”
Femoral Triangle
What includes a deep inguinal ring, inguinal ligament and superficial inguinal ligament for structures, arteries and vessels to get to the testicles?
Inguinal Canal
What is inferior to the inguinal ligament, includes a femoral ring and sheath for structures, arteries, veins to get through?
Femoral Canal
What results when intestines are pushed out through the Inguinal Canal?
Inguinal Hernia
What results when intestines are pushed through the Femoral Canal?
Femoral Hernia
What is a freeway through the thigh where the Sartorius crosses the adductor longus and ends at adductor hiatus? This structure is a passageway for structures traveling down the thigh and formed by the Subsartorial Fascia.
Adductor Canal (Subsartorial-Hunter)
Where is the end of the adductor canal, adductor hiatus, found?
In the adductor magnus muscle
What structure includes the following:
Femoral artery and vein
Deep lymphatic vessels
Saphenous nerve (branch of femoral nerve)
Nerve to Vastus medialis (branch of femoral nerve)
Termination in adductor hiatus
Adductor Canal (Subsartorial Canal)
What innervates the Anterior Compartment (extension) muscles of the thigh?
Femoral Nerve
Except:
Pectineus: Femoral nerve 91% of the time
Psoas Major: Anterior rami L2-L4
Tensor Fascia Lata: Superior gluteal nerve
What innervates the Medial Compartment (adductor) muscles of the thigh?
Obturator Nerve
Oblique Fibers of the Adductor Magnus: Obturator Nerve
What innervates the Posterior Compartment (flexion) (Hamstrings) muscles?
Sciatic Nerve
Except:
Biceps femoris short head: Common Fibula component of the Sciatic nerve
All others including vertical fibers of the Adductor Magnus: Tibial component of the Sciatic nerve
What turns into the Saphenous nerve, includes the terminal branch of the femoral nerve, and provides sensory to the medial side of the leg and foot?
Femoral Nerve
What nerve passes deep to the inguinal ligament?
Femoral Nerve
What nerve passes thru the obturator canal, splits around the adductor brevis to form an anterior branch (courses anterior to the adductor brevis) and a posterior branch (passes through the obturator externus)?
Obturator Nerve
