Unit 1_Vertebral Column & Back Flashcards
What is the study of the bones?
Osteology
Viewing the body from the back
Posterior/Dorsal
Viewing the body from the front
Anterior/Ventral
Viewing the body from the side
Lateral/Saggital
What is another name for the vertebral column?
Spinal Column
What is another name for the spinal column?
Vertebral Column
An intervertebral disc is included between all vertebrae but which ones?
C1 (Atlas) and C2 (Axis)
A straight up and down vertebral column from the anterior view is know as what kind of column?
Normal spinal column
How many vertebrae do humans have in the vertebral column?
33
What regions is the vertebral column broken down into?
Cervical Spine, Thoracic Spine, Lumbar Spine, Sacrum, Coccyx
How many vertebrae are included in the cervical spine?
7
How many vertebrae are included in the thoracic spine?
12
How many vertebrae are included in the lumbar spine?
5
How many vertebrae are included in the sacrum?
Typically 5, sometimes 4
How many vertebrae are included in the coccyx?
Typically 4
What area of the body is the cervical spine located?
The neck
What area of the body is the thoracic spine located?
The ribs
What area of the body is the lumbar spine located?
Lower back
What area of the body is the sacrum located?
Gluteal folds region
What are of the body is the coccyx located?
Tailbone
Describe the sacrum and coccyx.
Fused bones - two solid bones and joined by ligaments
What is another name for C1?
Atlas
What is another name for C2?
Axis
What bone does C1 articulate with?
The base of the skull - occiput (C0)
What does the occiput articulate with?
C0 (skull) on C1 (Atlas/cervical vertebrae) to allow for movement
As you descend down the vertebral column, how does the size change of the vertebrae?
They get larger as you descend down
What is another plane/reference for the lateral view of the body?
Sagittal view
The normal inward curve of the cervical vertebrae
Cervical Lorodosis
The normal posterior curve of the thoracic vertebrae
Thoracic Kyphosis
The normal inward curve of the lumbar vertebrae
Lumbar Lorodosis
The normal posterior curve of the sacrum
Sacral Kyphosis
What is the large bone included on the anterior portion of an individual vertebrae?
Vertebral Body
What is included between each vertebral body and allows for motion?
Intervertebral Discs
What is a hole that is created by two vertebrae and articulating in a certain way posteriorly?
Vertebral Foramen
What is housed in the vertebral foramen?
The spinal cord
How can people get arthritis in their back?
The vertebral foramen fills with extra bone causing it to become narrow and impacting the spinal nerves
Vertebrae include spinous processes on the posterior side, except for which vertebrae?
C1
What are the ridges in the middle of the sacrum made of?
Remnants of spinous processes
What’s another name for moving superiorly?
Cranially
What are the two handlebar like structures included on the right/left of a vertebrae?
Transverse processes
What function do lumbar vertebrae serve?
Weight bearing
What function do cervical vertebrae serve?
Motion
What kind of curve are we born with?
Primary curve
What kind of curve is a primary curve?
Kyphosis
What kind of curve is formed in a baby when muscles are pulling on the spine on the vertebral column (bone) as the baby tries to hold their head up?
Cervical Lorodosis
What kind of curve is formed in a baby when the baby is walking?
Lumbar Lorodosis
What are primary curves?
Thoracic and Sacral Kyphosis
What are secondary curves?
Cervical and Lumbar Lorodosis
What typical things does a vertebrae have?
A body, transverse processes, neural arch (everything behind the body), spinous process, ring of bone that encases the spinal cord
What vertebrae are typical?
C3-L5
What artery runs through some foramen in the cervical spine?
Vertebral artery
What is the unusual part of C2?
The Dens “tooth”