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Human Anatomy > Unit 1_Shoulder & Axilla > Flashcards

Unit 1_Shoulder & Axilla Flashcards

1
Q

What comprises the pectoral girdle?

A

Clavicle (“collarbone”)

Scapula (“shoulder blade”)

Connects the free parts of the upper limbs to the axial skeleton

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2
Q

What movements are in the Sagittal plane?

A

Flexion

Extension

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3
Q

What movements are in the Coronal plane?

A

Abduction

Adduction

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4
Q

What movements are in the Transverse plane?

A

Internal rotation

External rotation

Horizontal abduction

Horizontal adduction

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5
Q

What are the joints of the shoulder complex?

A

Sternoclavicular Joint

Acromioclavicular Joint

Glenohumeral Joint

Scapulothoracic Joint

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6
Q

What saddle joint is not typically dislocated, connects the sternal end of the clavicle and the manubrium of the sternum, includes a clavicular notch with an interclavicular ligament, a capsule (synovial lining), and an articular disc?

A

Sternoclavicular Joint

Allows for 3 movements:
Rotation - Sagittal
Elevation/Depression - Coronal
Retraction/Protraction - Transverse

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7
Q

What gliding joint connects the acromion process and the clavicle, is typically dislocated, includes a joint capsule (fibrous tissue), coracoclavicular ligament, coracoacromial ligament, supraspinatus tunnel, and contains hyaline cartilage?

A

Acromioclavicular Joint

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8
Q

What joint connects the glenoid fossa with the proximal humeral head?

A

Glenohumeral Joint

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9
Q

What joint is not a true joint, but articulates the subscapular fossa with the posterior thorax and promotes scapulorhumeral rhythm?

A

Scapulothoracic Joint

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10
Q

What can ligaments do?

A

Restrain motion, prevent against extensive motion

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11
Q

What is a bony prominence on the scapula protruding anteriorly?

A

Coracoid Process

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12
Q

What ligament in the Acromioclavicular Joint connects the coracoid process with the clavicle?

A

Coracoclavicular ligament

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13
Q

What ligament in the Acromioclavicular Joint connects the coracoid process with the acromion process, and spans the anterior to the posterior aspect of the scapula creating the supraspinatus tunnel?

A

Coracoacromial ligament

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14
Q

What muscles support the Scapulothoracic Joint?

A

Trapezius

Rhomboids

Levator Scapulae

Serratus Anterior

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15
Q

What nerve runs alongside the serratus anterior?

A

Long Thoracic Nerve

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16
Q

If there’s injury to the Long Thoracic Nerve, what may result?

A

Winged Scapula

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17
Q

What is the most medial portion of the coracoclavicular ligament?

A

Conoid Ligament

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18
Q

The sternal end of the clavicle articulates with what structure?

A

Manubrium of sternum

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19
Q

The costal surface of the scapula is what shape? And it house what muscle?

A

Concave

Subscapularis

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20
Q

What does the glenohumeral joint articulate?

A

Glenoid fossa of the scapula and the humeral head

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21
Q

What kind of joint is the Glenohumeral Joint?

A

Ball and socket joint

22
Q

What muscles stabilize the Glenohumeral Joint?

A

The rotator cuff muscles

23
Q

What structures make up the Glenohumeral Joint?

A

Coracoid Process

Glenoid Fossa

Spine of the scapula

Acromion Process

Supraglenoid Tubercle

Infraglenoid Tubercle

24
Q

What is a ring of fibrocartilageous contents that lines the Glenoid fossa?

A

Glenoid labrum

25
Q

Where does the long head of the biceps brachii muscle attach?

A

At the superior aspect of the Glenoid labrum

26
Q

What structures make up the proximal Humerus?

A

Head

Anatomic Neck

Surgical Neck

Greater/Lesser Tubercles

Intertubercular Groove

Deltoid Tuberosity

27
Q

What structure spans around the Glenohumeral Joint?

A

Fibrous articular capsule lined with synovial membrane

28
Q

What ligament connects the coracoid process with the humerus?

A

Coracohumeral Ligament

29
Q

What ligaments connect the Glenoid fossa to the humerus and prevent excessive anterior translation of the humeral head?

A

Glenohumeral ligaments (Superior, Middle, Inferior)

30
Q

What are the functions of the Glenohumeral Joint?

A

Flexion/Extension: Sagittal Plane

Abduction/Adduction: Coronal Plane

External/Internal Rotation: Horizontal (Transverse) Plane

Circumduction (multi-planer)

31
Q

What shoulder motion occurs in the sagittal plane?

A

Flexion/Extension

32
Q

What does SLAP stand for?

A

Superior Labrum Anterior to Posterior (tear)

33
Q

What type of joint is the glenohumeral joint?

A

Ball and socket joint

34
Q

What muscles make up the rotator cuff muscles?

A

SITS

Supraspinatus

Infraspinatus

Teres Minor

Subscapularis

35
Q

What rotator cuff muscle provides internal rotation of the arm, adduction and stabilization?

A

Subscapularis

36
Q

What rotator cuff muscle provides abduction (early abductor) and stabilization?

A

Supraspinatus

37
Q

What rotator cuff muscles provide external rotation and stabilization?

A

Infraspinatus

Teres Minor

38
Q

What motions does the Deltoid provide?

A

Anterior Deltoid
Flexion, internal rotation, horizontal adduction

Middle Deltoid
Completes abduction

Posterior Deltoid
Extension, external rotation, horizontal abduction

39
Q

What is a network of ventral primary rami that are connected and create the peripheral nerves that innervate rotator cuff muscles?

A

Brachial Plexus

40
Q

What nerve innervates Supraspinatus and Infraspinatus?

A

Suprascapular Nerve

41
Q

What nerve innervates Teres Minor and Deltoid?

A

Axillary Nerve

42
Q

What nerve innervates Subscapularis?

A

Upper and Lower Subscapular Nerves

43
Q

What are the superficial muscles of the chest acting on the Pectoral Girdle?

A

Deltoid Muscle

Clavicular Head of the Pectoralis Major Muscle

Stenocostal Head of the Pectoralis Major Muscle

44
Q

What vein separates the Deltoid from the Pectoralis Major?

A

Cephalic Vein

Via the Deltopectoral Groove

45
Q

What is a deep Pectoralis muscle?

A

Pectoralis Minor Muscle

46
Q

What are the functions of the Pectoralis Major Muscle?

A

Clavicular Head (GHJ Flexion)

Sternal Head (GHJ Adduction and internal rotation)

47
Q

What are the functions of the Pectoralis Minor Muscle?

A

Shoulder stabilizer

48
Q

What muscle appears on the inferior surface of the clavicle?

A

Subclavius

49
Q

What nerve innervates Pectoralis Minor and Pectoralis Major?

A

Medial Pectoral Nerve

50
Q

What nerve innervates Pectoralis Major?

A

Lateral Pectoral Nerve

51
Q

What is a synovial fluid sac that is situated in places where friction would otherwise occur?

A

Bursae of the shoulder

Subacromial bursa
Subdeltoid bursa

Human Anatomy (31 decks)

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