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Human Anatomy > Unit 1_The Wrist & Hand > Flashcards

Unit 1_The Wrist & Hand Flashcards

1
Q

What is the 1st digit in the hand?

A

The thumb

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2
Q

How many fingers do humans have according to therapists?

A

4 fingers, 1 thumb

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3
Q

How many digits do humans have according to therapists?

A

5 digits

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4
Q

What are the palmer creases in the hand?

A

Distal transverse

Proximal transverse

Thenar

Middle

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5
Q

What contains the thenar muscles in the hand?

A

The Thenar eminence

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6
Q

What contains the hypothenar muscles in the hand?

A

The Hypothenar eminence

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7
Q

What are the wrist creases?

A

Distal wrist crease

Middle wrist crease

Proximal wrist crease

*It’s possible to have only 1 wrist crease

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8
Q

What motions does the wrist give us?

A

Extension/Flexion

Ulnar Deviation (abduction)/Radial Deviation (adduction)

Circumduction

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9
Q

What kind of motion is a Dart Thrower’s Motion?

A

Circumduction

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10
Q

What are the joints of the wrist?

A

Radiocarpal Joint

Intercarpal Joint

Distal Radioulnar Joint

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11
Q

What is a pivot joint in the wrist, has an articular capsule with anterior/posterior thickenings and the Triangular Fibrocartilage Complex (TFCC)?

A

Distal Radioulnar Joint

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12
Q

What is made up the radius and proximal carpal bones and has an articular capsule “a thick, tough, pliable membrane”?

A

Radiocarpal Joint (Condyloid)

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13
Q

What ligaments are included in the radiocarpal joint and hold the wrist together?

A

Ulnar and radial collateral ligaments

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14
Q

What is the midcarpal joint also known as?

A

Intercarpal Joint

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15
Q

What are the carpal bones?

A

Some (Scaphoid)

Lovers (Lunate)

Try (Triquetrum)

Positions (Pisiform)

That (Trapezium)

They (Trapezoid)

Can’t (Capitate)

Handle (Hamate)

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16
Q

What are the most commonly fractured bones in the wrist?

A

Scaphoid (#1) and Lunate (#2)

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17
Q

What bones are included in the proximal row of carpal bones?

A

Scaphoid

Lunate

Triquetrum

Pisiform

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18
Q

What bones are included in the distal row of carpal bones?

A

Trapezium

Trapezoid

Capitate

Hamate

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19
Q

What is the most frequently fractured carpal bone?

A

Scaphoid (70%)

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20
Q

What carpal bone is trapped under the thumb?

A

Trapezium

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21
Q

What carpal bone is at the base of the 5th metacarpal?

A

Hook of the Hamate

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22
Q

What carpal bone is on top of the triquetrum?

A

Pisiform

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23
Q

What makes up the Metacarpal bones?

A

Metacarpals

Base
Shaft
Head

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24
Q

What is the full finger/digit/metacarpal known as?

A

Ray

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25
Q

What is the 1st Carpalmetacarpal (CMC) Joint known as?

A

A saddle joint

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26
Q

What are the 2-5 CMC Joints known as?

A

Gliding joints

27
Q

What makes up the phalanges?

A

Proximal phalangeal bones

Middle phalangeal bones

Distal phalangeal bones

Base
Shaft
Head

28
Q

What is the 1st Metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint known as?

A

Hinge Joint

29
Q

What are the 2-5 MCP joints known as?

A

Condyloid joints

30
Q

What digit is only an IP joint?

A

The thumb; missing Middle Phalanx

31
Q

What ligaments prevent abduction and adduction in the MCP joint?

A

Collateral ligaments

32
Q

What are the joints of the fingers?

A

Proximal Interphalangeal Joints (PIP)

Distal Interphalangeal Joint (DIP)

Interphalangeal Joints (IP)

Hinge Joints

33
Q

What are the ligaments of the MCP joint?

A

Collateral ligaments
Have an articular capsule

34
Q

What are the ligaments of the PIPs, DIPs, IPs (Hinge)?

A

Medial/Collateral Ligaments
All have a joint capsule

Preventing/limiting the amount of abduction/adduction

35
Q

What covers the Thenar and Hypothenar Eminence?

A

Thenar and Hypothenar fascial sheaths

36
Q

What is a sheet of pearly white fibrous tissue that takes the place of a tendon in flat muscles having a wide area of attachment?

A

Palmer aponeurosis

Where the Palmerus Longus attaches

37
Q

What ligaments are holding everything together at the wrist?

A

Palmar carpal ligament

Flexor retinaculum

*when a tendon breaks, bowstringing occurs

38
Q

What ligament is under the Palmar carpal ligament, holding our flexor tendon in place and preventing bowstringing, and the roof of the carpal tunnel?

A

Flexor retinaculum of the wrist

39
Q

What occurs during carpal tunnel surgery?

A

The flexor retinaculum of the wrist is cut, leading to bowstringing to more easily occur

40
Q

Where do injuries occur in the wrist where the ulnar artery and ulnar nerves pass through?

A

Guyon’s Canal

41
Q

What are the compartments of the hand?

A

Thenar Eminence
Hypothenar Eminence

Intermediate Compartment

42
Q

What muscles are included in the Hypothenar Compartment of the hand and are intrinsic muscles (origins/insertions in the hand)?

A

Abductor digiti minimi

Flexor digiti minimi brevis

Opponens digiti minimi (medial, deep to the others)

43
Q

What nerve innervates the Hypothenar muscles?

A

Deep Ulnar Nerve

44
Q

What is the space at the wrist between the pisiform bone and the hamate bone through which the ulnar artery and nerve travel into the hand?

A

Guyon’s Canal

45
Q

Why can profusion occur from either side of the hand?

A

The ulnar and radial arteries wrap around the hand on deep and superficial branches

46
Q

What joint controls movements of the thumb?

A

CMC Joint (Carpometacarpal Joint)

47
Q

What muscles are included in the Thenar Compartment of the hand?

A

Abductor Pollicis Brevis

Flexor Pollicis Brevis

Opponens Pollicis

Adductor Pollicis

48
Q

What muscle in the Thenar Compartment wraps around the 1st Metacarpal?

A

Opponens Pollicis

49
Q

What muscle in the Thenar Compartment wraps around the 5th Metacarpal?

A

Opponens Digiti Minimi

50
Q

What nerves innervate the Thenar muscles?

A

Recurrent branch-median nerve

Deep branch of the Ulnar nerve supplies Adductor Pollicis

51
Q

What muscles in the hand are included in the Intermediate Compartment?

A

4 Lumbricals

4 Dorsal Interossei (Abduct MCP’s) - DAB

3 Palmer Interossei (Adduct MCP’s) - PAD

52
Q

What muscles flex MCP’s and Extend DIP’s/PIP’s?

A

Lumbricals

53
Q

What has more individual muscles in the hand: Dorsal Interossei or Palmer Interossei?

A

Dorsal Interossei

54
Q

What nerves innervate the muscles in the Intermediate Compartment of the hand?

A

Lateral 2 Lumbricals: Median nerve

Medial 2 Lumbricals: Deep branch-ulnar nerve

All Interossei: Deep branch-ulnar nerve

55
Q

What arteries are included in the hand?

A

Superficial Palmer Arch (Superficial branch of Ulnar Artery/Superficial Palmer branch of Radial Artery)

Deep Palmer Arch (Radial Artery/Deep branch of Ulnar Artery)

Common Palmer Digital arteries

Proper Palmer Digital arteries

56
Q

What are included in a sheath with ligaments, hold everything together in the hand, and can result in bowstringing?

A

Tendons

57
Q

What injury to the hand is caused by inflammation to the tendon and a bulge is created resulting in the inability for the tendon to fit under the ligaments?

A

Trigger finger

58
Q

What structures are included in the carpal tunnel?

A

Flexor Digitiorum Superficialis Tendons (4)

Median Nerve (Laterally)

Flexor Pollicis Longus Tendon (Laterally)

Flexor Digitorum Profundus Tendons (4)

59
Q

What is called the amount of movement a tendon moves?

A

Excursion

60
Q

What is the roof of the carpal tunnel holding everything in place, and cut during carpal tunnel surgery to relieve pressure?

A

Flexor Retinaculum

61
Q

What are the flexor tendons in the hand?

A

Flexor digitorum profundus tendon (tip of finger)

Flexor digitorum superficialis tendon (middle phalanx)

62
Q

What is an injury to the attachment of the collateral bands (distal phalanx)?

A

Mallet Finger Injury

63
Q
A

Human Anatomy (17 decks)

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