Unit 4 Lesson 4: Teenagers through Young Adulthood Flashcards
What is an adolescent
an adolescent—a young person in the process of moving from childhood to full adulthood
Who was Erik Erikson
Erik Erikson was an important psychologist, best known for his theory about the stages of psychosocial development.
What was Erikson’s idea about the stages of psychosical development
His idea was that at each stage the needs of the individual were in conflict with the needs of society. Working through this conflict successfully would lead to the development of a particular virtue
What is virtue
a good quality or behavior demonstrating high moral character.
What does Erikison’s theory suggest
Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development suggests that even if a person has not completely worked through the conflict in one stage of development, they can work it out later in life.
What do preschoolers sturggle with
Preschoolers often struggle with learning initiative—the ability to act independently—and the guilt of realizing that they can be annoying with all their questions and foibles.
What do teenagers strugle with
For the teenage years, there can be a struggle between finding one’s role in society and then confusion over that role, as well as feeling that one’s personality is not fully connecting; this is what Erickson called an identity crisis.
What is the viture of adolescene
Adolescence also has the possible virtue of gaining fidelity—loyalty to oneself, one’s beliefs, and to others.
Erikson’s Stages of Psychosocial Development: What is the frist stage
Trust vs. Mistrust: Newborn to 1½ years old
What is the virtue of the Trust vs. Mistrust: Newborn to 1½ years old stage
Virtue: Hope
What is the virtue of Trust vs. Mistrust: Newborn to 1½ years old hope
Babies look to their caregivers for consistent, reliable care. This helps develop trust in this new world that the infant is exploring and results in the virtue of hope.
Erikson’s Stages of Psychosocial Development: What is the second stage
Independence vs. Shame/Doubt: 1½ to 3 years old
What is the virtue of Independence vs. Shame/Doubt: 1½ to 3 years old
Virtue: Will
Why is the virtue of Independence vs. Shame/Doubt: 1½ to 3 years old will
Toddlers are learning how to do things. Caregivers need to give toddlers room to try to do things themselves but also help when needed so the child doesn’t constantly fail. It is also important not to criticize a child for failures, or they may develop self-doubt.
Erikson’s Stages of Psychosocial Development: what is the 3rd stage
Initiative vs. Guilt: 3-5 years old
What is the virture of Initiative vs. Guilt: 3-5 years old
purpose
What is the virtue of Initiative vs. Guilt: 3-5 years old purpose
Preschoolers are very active and learning to initiate games and play with others. Parents do need to restrain initiatives that could pose a danger but limiting a child’s questions or actions too much can cause them to develop excessive guilt for being a nuisance. The balance is what makes a healthy sense of purpose.
Erikson’s Stages of Psychosocial Development: Waht is the 4th stage
Industry vs. Inferiority: 5-12 years old
What is the virtue of Industry vs. Inferiority: 5-12 years old
Virtue: Competence
why is the virtue of Industry vs. Inferiority: 5-12 years old competence
Peer groups become more important to school age children and being able to take initiative to do things and demonstrate competence will help a child gain self-confidence. Inability to succeed at skills that are valued by peers can result in feelings of inferiority. But some failures can also instill modesty, which helps balance over-confidence.
Erikson’s Stages of Psychosocial Development: What is the 5th stage
Identity vs. Role Confusion: 12-18 years old
what is the virtue of the Identity vs. Role Confusion: 12-18 years old stage
Fidelity
Why is the virture of Identity vs. Role Confusion: 12-18 years old fidelity
Adolescents are developing a sense of identity within society. Exploring one’s values, beliefs, and morals can help teenagers to discover who they are and what they want to do in life. Successfully negotiating this period results in the virtue of fidelity, meaning an ability to stay true to oneself while also relating to others.
Erikson’s Stages of Psychosocial Development: What is the 6th stage
Intimacy vs. Isolation: 18-40 years old
What is the virtue of Intimacy vs. Isolation: 18-40 years old
Virtue: Love
Why is the vitrue of Intimacy vs. Isolation: 18-40 years old love
Young adults are striving to develop loving, intimate relationships with others. To successfully establish deep and honest friendships and romance, completing the previous stage is necessary or an individual may struggle to form intimate connections. But once this conflict has been worked through, the virtue of love can be attained.
Erikson’s Stages of Psychosocial Development: What is the 7th stage
Concern for Others vs. Stagnation: 40-65 years old
What is the virtue of Concern for Others vs. Stagnation: 40-65 years old
Virtue: Care
Why is the virtue of Concern for Others vs. Stagnation: 40-65 years old care
Middle adulthood finds people being productive in their careers and possibly raising a family. This stage of life includes the conflict between fearing that you are not contributing to the world versus feeling that you are contributing to society and helping to make the world better for the next generation. The virtue that results is the ability to care for others.
Erikson’s Stages of Psychosocial Development: What is the 8th stage
Integrity vs. Despair: 65 years and older
What is the virtue of Integrity vs. Despair: 65 years and older
Virtue: Wisdom
Why is the virtue of Integrity vs. Despair: 65 years and older wisdom
Older adults can look back on their accomplishments in life and feel a sense of fulfillment and contentedness, knowing they have lived a life of integrity. This is balanced with some feelings of despair caused by failures, but the ability to accept that one’s life was purposeful if not perfect allows the development of wisdom.
Adolescent: 13 to 18 years old:
- Sexual maturation/puberty
- Increased hormone levels
- Peers may be of primary importance
- Might rebel against parents and society
- Forming identity
- Needs limits
Adolescent: 13 to 18 years old: Physical Growth
- Growth is uneven, causing clumsy at times
- Rapid growth slows towards end of adolescence
- Changes caused by puberty occur
- Wisdom teeth grow in
Adolescent: 13 to 18 years old: Psychosocial Development
- Seeking independence
- Reaches sexual maturity
- Quick learning ability
- Uses slang and behaviors of peer group
- Developing ideas about life
Young Adulthood: 19 to 45 years old: Developmental Steps
- Establishes independence
- May marry and start a family
- Demonstrates place in society
- Plans for financial security
- Chooses a lifestyle
Young Adulthood: 19 to 45 years old: Physical Growth
- Very little growth
- Bone growth plates close
Young Adulthood: 19 to 45 years old: Psychosocial Development
- Expects to be healthy
- Chooses a career
- Continues to learn quickly
- Establishes own lifestyle
