Unit 4 Lesson 4: Teenagers through Young Adulthood

Question 1

What is an adolescent

Answer 1

an adolescent—a young person in the process of moving from childhood to full adulthood

Question 2

Who was Erik Erikson

Answer 2

Erik Erikson was an important psychologist, best known for his theory about the stages of psychosocial development.

Question 3

What was Erikson’s idea about the stages of psychosical development

Answer 3

His idea was that at each stage the needs of the individual were in conflict with the needs of society. Working through this conflict successfully would lead to the development of a particular virtue

Question 4

What is virtue

Answer 4

a good quality or behavior demonstrating high moral character.

Question 5

What does Erikison’s theory suggest

Answer 5

Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development suggests that even if a person has not completely worked through the conflict in one stage of development, they can work it out later in life.

Question 6

What do preschoolers sturggle with

Answer 6

Preschoolers often struggle with learning initiative—the ability to act independently—and the guilt of realizing that they can be annoying with all their questions and foibles.

Question 7

What do teenagers strugle with

Answer 7

For the teenage years, there can be a struggle between finding one’s role in society and then confusion over that role, as well as feeling that one’s personality is not fully connecting; this is what Erickson called an identity crisis.

Question 8

What is the viture of adolescene

Answer 8

Adolescence also has the possible virtue of gaining fidelity—loyalty to oneself, one’s beliefs, and to others.

Question 9

Erikson’s Stages of Psychosocial Development: What is the frist stage

Answer 9

Trust vs. Mistrust: Newborn to 1½ years old

Question 10

What is the virtue of the Trust vs. Mistrust: Newborn to 1½ years old stage

Answer 10

Virtue: Hope

Question 11

What is the virtue of Trust vs. Mistrust: Newborn to 1½ years old hope

Answer 11

Babies look to their caregivers for consistent, reliable care. This helps develop trust in this new world that the infant is exploring and results in the virtue of hope.

Question 12

Erikson’s Stages of Psychosocial Development: What is the second stage

Answer 12

Independence vs. Shame/Doubt: 1½ to 3 years old

Question 13

What is the virtue of Independence vs. Shame/Doubt: 1½ to 3 years old

Answer 13

Virtue: Will

Question 14

Why is the virtue of Independence vs. Shame/Doubt: 1½ to 3 years old will

Answer 14

Toddlers are learning how to do things. Caregivers need to give toddlers room to try to do things themselves but also help when needed so the child doesn’t constantly fail. It is also important not to criticize a child for failures, or they may develop self-doubt.

Question 15

Erikson’s Stages of Psychosocial Development: what is the 3rd stage

Answer 15

Initiative vs. Guilt: 3-5 years old

Question 16

What is the virture of Initiative vs. Guilt: 3-5 years old

Answer 16

purpose

Question 17

What is the virtue of Initiative vs. Guilt: 3-5 years old purpose

Answer 17

Preschoolers are very active and learning to initiate games and play with others. Parents do need to restrain initiatives that could pose a danger but limiting a child’s questions or actions too much can cause them to develop excessive guilt for being a nuisance. The balance is what makes a healthy sense of purpose.

Question 18

Erikson’s Stages of Psychosocial Development: Waht is the 4th stage

Answer 18

Industry vs. Inferiority: 5-12 years old

Question 19

What is the virtue of Industry vs. Inferiority: 5-12 years old

Answer 19

Virtue: Competence

Question 20

why is the virtue of Industry vs. Inferiority: 5-12 years old competence

Answer 20

Peer groups become more important to school age children and being able to take initiative to do things and demonstrate competence will help a child gain self-confidence. Inability to succeed at skills that are valued by peers can result in feelings of inferiority. But some failures can also instill modesty, which helps balance over-confidence.

Question 21

Erikson’s Stages of Psychosocial Development: What is the 5th stage

Answer 21

Identity vs. Role Confusion: 12-18 years old

Question 22

what is the virtue of the Identity vs. Role Confusion: 12-18 years old stage

Answer 22

Fidelity

Question 23

Why is the virture of Identity vs. Role Confusion: 12-18 years old fidelity

Answer 23

Adolescents are developing a sense of identity within society. Exploring one’s values, beliefs, and morals can help teenagers to discover who they are and what they want to do in life. Successfully negotiating this period results in the virtue of fidelity, meaning an ability to stay true to oneself while also relating to others.

Question 24

Erikson’s Stages of Psychosocial Development: What is the 6th stage

Answer 24

Intimacy vs. Isolation: 18-40 years old

Question 25

What is the virtue of Intimacy vs. Isolation: 18-40 years old

Answer 25

Virtue: Love

Question 26

Why is the vitrue of Intimacy vs. Isolation: 18-40 years old love

Answer 26

Young adults are striving to develop loving, intimate relationships with others. To successfully establish deep and honest friendships and romance, completing the previous stage is necessary or an individual may struggle to form intimate connections. But once this conflict has been worked through, the virtue of love can be attained.

Question 27

Erikson’s Stages of Psychosocial Development: What is the 7th stage

Answer 27

Concern for Others vs. Stagnation: 40-65 years old

Question 28

What is the virtue of Concern for Others vs. Stagnation: 40-65 years old

Answer 28

Virtue: Care

Question 29

Why is the virtue of Concern for Others vs. Stagnation: 40-65 years old care

Answer 29

Middle adulthood finds people being productive in their careers and possibly raising a family. This stage of life includes the conflict between fearing that you are not contributing to the world versus feeling that you are contributing to society and helping to make the world better for the next generation. The virtue that results is the ability to care for others.

Question 30

Erikson’s Stages of Psychosocial Development: What is the 8th stage

Answer 30

Integrity vs. Despair: 65 years and older

Question 31

What is the virtue of Integrity vs. Despair: 65 years and older

Answer 31

Virtue: Wisdom

Question 32

Why is the virtue of Integrity vs. Despair: 65 years and older wisdom

Answer 32

Older adults can look back on their accomplishments in life and feel a sense of fulfillment and contentedness, knowing they have lived a life of integrity. This is balanced with some feelings of despair caused by failures, but the ability to accept that one’s life was purposeful if not perfect allows the development of wisdom.

Question 33

Adolescent: 13 to 18 years old:

Answer 33

• Sexual maturation/puberty
• Increased hormone levels
• Peers may be of primary importance
• Might rebel against parents and society
• Forming identity
• Needs limits

Question 34

Adolescent: 13 to 18 years old: Physical Growth

Answer 34

• Growth is uneven, causing clumsy at times
• Rapid growth slows towards end of adolescence
• Changes caused by puberty occur
• Wisdom teeth grow in

Question 35

Adolescent: 13 to 18 years old: Psychosocial Development

Answer 35

• Seeking independence
• Reaches sexual maturity
• Quick learning ability
• Uses slang and behaviors of peer group
• Developing ideas about life

Question 36

Young Adulthood: 19 to 45 years old: Developmental Steps

Answer 36

• Establishes independence
• May marry and start a family
• Demonstrates place in society
• Plans for financial security
• Chooses a lifestyle

Question 37

Young Adulthood: 19 to 45 years old: Physical Growth

Answer 37

• Very little growth
• Bone growth plates close

Question 38

Young Adulthood: 19 to 45 years old: Psychosocial Development

Answer 38

• Expects to be healthy
• Chooses a career
• Continues to learn quickly
• Establishes own lifestyle