Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Tri 1 - C&T > Unit 2 Muscle > Flashcards

Unit 2 Muscle Flashcards

1
Q

skeletal muscle embryonic origins

A

mesoderm

somites

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

cardiac muscle embryonic origins

A

splanchnic mesoderm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

smooth muscle embryonic origins

A

somatic mesoderm

splanchnic mesoderm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

types of muscle tissue

A

skeletal
cardiac
smooth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

muscle fibers

A

elongated

only skeletal and smooth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

skeletal muscle

A

attach to bones or skin
single, very long, cylindrical, multinucleate with striations
voluntary
contract rapidly, tire easily, powerful

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

skeletal muscle tissue

A

packaged into skeletal muscles; organs that are attached to bones and skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

skeletal muscle fibers

A

longest of all muscle and have striations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

terminology

A

muscle fiber = muscle cell
syncytium = multinucleate
sarco = meat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

epimysium

A

dense irregular CT surrounding entire muscle; may blend with fascia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

perimysium

A

fibrous CT surrounding fascicles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

endomysium

A

fine areolar CT surrounding each muscle fiber

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

muscle fiber

A 
sarcolemma
sarcoplasm
myofibrils
sarcoplasmic reticulum
T tubules
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

sarcolemma

A

muscle fiber plasma membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

sarcoplasm

A

muscle fiber cytoplasm

contains many glycosides for glycogen storage, myoglobin for O2 storage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

myofibrils

A

densely packed rodlike elements

accounts for approx. 80% muscle fiber volume

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

myofibril features

A

striations
sarcomeres
myofilaments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

striations

A

stripes formed from repeating series of dark and light bands along length of each myofibril

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

A band

A

dark regions
H zone
M line
thick and thin filament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

H zone

A

lighter region in middle of dark A band

thick filaments

21
Q

sarcoplasmic reticulum

A
  1. network of smooth ER tubules surrounding each myofibril
  2. run longitudinally
  3. terminal cisterns from perpendicular cross channels at A-I band junction
  4. regulation of intracellular calcium levels
22
Q

M line

A

line of myomesin (protein) that bisects H zone vertically

23
Q

I bands

A

lighter regions
Z line (disc)
thin filament

24
Q

Z line

A

coin-shaped sheet of proteins on midline of light I band

25
Q

sarcomere

A

smallest contractile unit
A band with 1/2 I band at each end (Z line-Z line)
M line bisects H band
myomesin anchors adjacent thick filaments

26
Q

sliding filament model

A

thin actin filament reversibly and slide over thick myosin filament
requires ATP expenditure, presence of calcium

27
Q

muscle contraction

A
  1. total length of sarcomere decreases
  2. Z discs move closer together
  3. I band length decreases
  4. A band length doesn’t change
28
Q

myofilaments

A

orderly arrangement of actin and myosin within sarcomere

29
Q

actin myofilaments

A

thin, extend across I bad, partway to A band

anchored by Z line

30
Q

myosin myofilaments

A

thick, extend length of A band

connected at M line

31
Q

T tubules

A
  1. tube formed by profusion of sarcolemma deep into cell interior at A-I band junction between terminal cisterns
  2. allow electrical nerve transmissions to reach deep into interior of each muscle fiber
32
Q

triad

skeletal

A

area formed from terminal cistern of one sarcomere, T tubule, and terminal cistern of neighboring sarcomere

33
Q 
T tubules
(alt. def.)
A
  1. deep invagination of the sarcolemma (skeletal/cardiac)

2. allow depolarization of membrane to quickly penetrate to the interior of the cell

34
Q

repair of skeletal muscle

A

fibers are most-mitotic

finite satellite cells can be exhausted

35
Q

satellite cells

skeletal

A

within basal lamina
myogenesis
divide to produce myoblasts to fuse and replace fibers

36
Q

cardiac muscle

A

striated, involuntary
forms myocardium
branched with 1-2 nuclei
cells joined by intercalated discs

37
Q

diad

cardiac

A

T tubules
single cisterna of SR
located at Z lines, one per sarcomere

38
Q

intercalated discs

A

desmosomes

gap junctions

39
Q

cardiac SR

A

less elaborate than skeletal
single terminal cisterna
diads

40
Q

cardiac T tubules

A

wider, less numerous

one per sarcomere

41
Q

cardiac muscle repair

A

post mitotic

cells are replaced with non-contractile CT

42
Q

smooth (visceral) muscle

A

non striated, involuntary
small tapered cells with centrally located nuclei
SR is reduced/absent
no sarcomeres
bundles of crisscrossing myofilaments
form bundles, sheets linked via gap junctions
fusiform

43
Q

smooth muscle repair

A

mitotic

replace lost cells or increase mass

44
Q

hyperplasia

A

increase number

45
Q

hypertrophy

A

increase size

46
Q

smooth muscle specializations

A

caveolae

dense bodies

47
Q

caveolae

A

invagination of smooth muscle cells
ion channels
associated with SR

48
Q

dense bodies

A

act like Z disc

Tri 1 - C&T (36 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions