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Tri 1 - C&T > Unit 1 Epithelium > Flashcards

Unit 1 Epithelium Flashcards

1
Q

4 basic tissue types

A

epithelial
connective
muscle
nervous

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2
Q

nervous tissue characteristics

A
  1. intertwining elongated processes
  2. no ECM
  3. transmission of nervous impulses
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3
Q

epithelial characteristics

A
  1. aggregated polyhedral cells
  2. small amt ECM
  3. lining, surface, secretion
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4
Q

muscle characteristics

A
  1. elongated contractile cells
  2. moderate amt ECM
  3. movement
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5
Q

connective characteristics

A
  1. fixed/wandering cells
  2. abundant ECM
  3. support/protection
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6
Q

epithelial tissue

A

sheet of cells that covers surfaces/cavities

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7
Q

2 forms of epithelia

A

covering/lining

glandular

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8
Q

functions of epithelia

A

protection, absorption, filtration, excretion, secretion, sensory reception

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9
Q

epithelia origins

A

all 3 embryonic germ layers

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10
Q

Where is epithelia from the ectoderm found?

A

skin. lining of mouth, nose, anus

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11
Q

Where is epithelia from the endoderm found?

A

respiratory/digestive tract

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12
Q

Where is epithelia from the mesoderm found?

A

CV system, mesenteries, kidney tubules, reproductive tract

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13
Q

5 general characteristics of epithelium

A 
avascular (innervated)
contiguous
polarized
regenerative
basal lamina
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14
Q

functions of epithelium

A 
protection/selectively permeable barrier
secretion
absorption
transcellular transport
sensation
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15
Q

classification of epithelia

A

layers: simple v. stratified
shape: squamous v. cuboidal v. columnar

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16
Q

stratified epithelia exception

A

shape can vary in each layer, thus it is named for the apical surface

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17
Q

simple epithelia characteristics

A

single layer of flattened cells with disc-shaped central nuclei and sparse cytoplasm

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18
Q

endothelium

A

simple squamous epithelium found in lymph vessels, blood vessels, heart

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19
Q

mesothelium

A

simple squamous epithelium found in mesenteries, ventral body cavity

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20
Q

simple epithelia function

A

allows materials to pass by diffusion and filtration in sites where protection is not important; secretes lubricating substances in serosae

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21
Q

simple epithelia location

A

kidney glomeruli, air sacs of lungs, lining of heart, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels; lining of ventral cavity

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22
Q

simple cuboidal epithelia

A

single layer of tubelike cells with large spherical central nuclei

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23
Q

simple cuboidal function

A

secretion, absorption

24
Q

simple cuboidal location

A

kidney tubules; ducts/secretory portions of small glands; ovary surface

25
Q

simple columnar epithelia

A

single layer of tall cells with round to oval nuclei; some cells have cilia; may contain mucus secreting unicellular glands (goblet cells)

26
Q

simple columnar function

A

absorption, secretions of mucus, enzymes, etc.; ciliated type propels mucus (or reproductive cells) by ciliary action

27
Q

simple columnar location

A

conciliated lines most of digestive tract, gallbladder, excretory ducts of some glands; ciliated varieties lines small bronchi, uterine tubes, and some regions of the uterus

28
Q

pseudostratified columnar epithelia

A

single layer of cells of differing heights, some not reading the free surface; nuclei seen at different level; may contain goblet cells and cilia

29
Q

pseudostratified columnar function

A

secrete substances (mucus); propulsion of mucus by ciliary action

30
Q

pseudostratified columnar location

A

conciliated type in sperm-carrying ducts, ducts of large glands; ciliated lines trachea, most of UR tract

31
Q

stratified squamous epithelia

A

thick membrane composed of several layers; keratinized or non-keratinized

32
Q

stratified squamous function

A

protects underlying tissues in areas subject to abrasion

33
Q

stratified squamous location

A

nonkeratinized: moist linings of mouth, esophagus, vagina
keratinized: epidermis of skin

34
Q

stratified cuboidal epithelia

A

rare; only 2 layers thick

found in sweat/mammary glands

35
Q

stratified columnar epithelia

A

rare; only apical layer is columnar; occurs in tradition areas between 2 types of epithelia
pharynx, male urethra, some glandular ducts, conjunctiva

36
Q

transitional epithelia

A

surface cells are dome shaped or squamouslike; resembles both squamous and cuboidal

37
Q

transitional function

A

stretches readily, permits stored urine to distend bladder

38
Q

transitional location

A

ureters, bladder, part of urethra

39
Q

gland

A

one or more cells that make/secrete aqueous fluid

40
Q

glandular classification

A

product release

number of cells

41
Q

endocrine

A

internally secreting (ductless)

42
Q

exocrine

A

externally secreting (ducts)

43
Q

hormones

A

messenger chemicals that travel through lymph/blood to specific organs

44
Q

simple exocrine

A

unbranched

45
Q

compound exocrine

A

branched

46
Q

tubular

A

secretory cells from ducts

47
Q

alveolar (acinar)

A

secretary cells from sacs

48
Q

tubuloalveolar

A

both types

49
Q

types of secretion glands

A

serous acinus
mucous acinus
mixed acinus

50
Q

serous acinus

A

thin, watery secretion w/protein
pyramidal cells w/basal nuclei
secretory granules in apical cytoplasm
small central lumen

51
Q

mucous acinus

A

more viscous secretion, high carbs
pyramidal cell with basal nuclei (frequently flattened)
clear cytoplasm
large central lumen

52
Q

mixed acinus

A

mucous acinus with serous demilune

intracellular channels deliver serous secretions to lumen

53
Q

mode of secretion

A

merocrine
holocrine
apocrine

54
Q

merocrine

A

aka eccrine
exocytosis
sweat, pancreas

55
Q

holocrine

A

rupture

sebaceous glands

56
Q

apocrine

A

only apex ruptures

mammary glands?

Tri 1 - C&T (36 decks)

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