Unit 2 CT

Question 1

connective tissue

Answer 1

most abundant, widely disturbed of primary tissues

Question 2

4 classes of CT

Answer 2

connective tissue proper
cartilage
bone
blood

Question 3

CT functions

Answer 3

binding/support (storm of organs)
protecting (phagocytosis, immune)
insulating
storing reserve fuel
transport substances

Question 4

origin

Answer 4

mesenchyme; mostly mesoderm, some ectoderm; pluripotent, lack fibers in ECM

Question 5

mesenchyme

Answer 5

embryonic precursor of CT

Question 6

mucoid

Answer 6

mostly extra-embryonic

umbilical cord

Question 7

fixed cells

Answer 7

produced locally remain in tissue to carry out function

Question 8

mesenchymal cells

Answer 8

fixed; pluripotent
cytoplasmic extensions
no fibers produced
respond to signals from surrounding matrix/cells & commit to final state

Question 9

fibroblasts

Answer 9

fixed cells
most common CT
synthesizes type I collagen fibers and ground substances

Question 10

two types of fibroblasts

Answer 10

active

quiescent

Question 11

active fibroblasts

Answer 11

abundant cytoplasm
pale nucleus
tissue construction

Question 12

quiescent fibroblasts

Answer 12

resting state, less active

spindle shaped

Question 13

adipocytes

Answer 13

specialized for storage of neutral fats/production of heat

widespread; signet ring appearance; thin rim of cytoplasm surrounding large lipid droplet, flattened nucleus

Question 14

reticular cells

Answer 14

in reticular CT
synthesize reticular fibers type III
contribute to stroma of bone marrow and lymphoid tissues

Question 15

free cells

Answer 15

macrophages
mast cells
plasma cells

Question 16

macrophages

Answer 16

derive3d from monocytes produced in bone marrow

part o mononuclear phagocytic system

Question 17

types of macrophages

Answer 17

monocytes
kupffer cells
alveolar macrophages
Langerhans cells
microglial cells
tissue macrophages

Question 18

macrophage function

Answer 18

defense, repair, immune, antigen presenting

Question 19

mast cells

Answer 19

resp/GI tracts, deep layers os skin; release histamine

Question 20

plasma cells

Answer 20

B lymphocytes derived

antibody producing cells

Question 21

embryonic loose CT

Answer 21

mesenchyme: undifferentiated; pluripotent; ECM lacks fibers
mucoid: Wharton’s jelly; ECM high in hyaluronic acid, fibroblasts, type I collagen

Question 22

areolar CT

Answer 22

most abundant; highly vascularized
packing tissue; fibroblasts, macrophages
flexible, not stress resistent
found adjacent to ET

Question 23

reticular CT

Answer 23

bone marrow, lymphoid organs
type III collagen
creates trabecular network of cell-sheathed fibers
abundant macrophages

Question 24

adipose CT

Answer 24

large aggregates of adipocytes

15-20% males; 20-25% females

Question 25

adipose CT functions

Answer 25

energy storage
shock absorption (palms, soles)
thermal insulation
packing tissue holds organs in place

Question 26

adipose CT types

Answer 26

unilocular

multilocular

Question 27

unilocular

Answer 27

white fat
cells contain single large lipid droplet
most abundant in adult

Question 28

multilocular

Answer 28

brown fat
cells contain numerous lipid droplets
abundant in newborns

Question 29

dense irregular CT

Answer 29

fibroblasts and type I collagen
bundles of irregular collagen fibers
less flexible than loose CT, more stress resistant
found in dermis of skin, organ capsules, periosteum, perichondrium

Question 30

dense regular CT

Answer 30

fibroblasts and type I collagen
bundles of parallel fibers
high tensile strength in one direction
tendons and ligaments

Question 31

dense elastic CT

Answer 31

parallel bundles of elastic fibers

some type I and fibroblasts

Question 32

dense elastic CT locations

Answer 32

ligamentum nuchae
ligamentum flavum
suspensory ligament of penis
vocal ligament
walls of elastic arteries