Types of Memory, Capacity and Duration - MEMORY Flashcards
coding
the form information is stored in
duration
how long information lasts being stored
capacity
how much information can be stored at any one time
short term memory
items you’re using now
long term memory
stored items you can access again
retrieval
accessing information from LTM
attention
mental focus on an object
episodic
memory that has a narrative
semantic
memory that has a meaning
acoustic
memory based on sounds/beats/rhythms
what type of coding is STM
acoustic
what type of coding is LTM
semantic
capacity of STM
limited - between 5-9 items, 7+/-2, on average (Miller 1956)
capacity of LTM
potentially unlimited
duration of STM
between 15-30 seconds
up to 18 seconds without rehearsal (P&P 1959)
duration of LTM
potential lifetime
Bahrik et al 1975 - 90% accurate after 15yrs, 70% accurate after 48yrs
who developed the digit span test
Jacobs (1887)
what happened in digital span test
researcher gave no. of digits to ppts, had to recall in order
researcher increases no. of digits by 1 and ppt recalls again until they cannot anymore
determines their digit span
results from the digit span test
mean digit span was 9.3 items
mean letter span was 7.3 items.
what are the three types of long term memory (Tulving)
episodic, semantic, procedural
