Animal Studies (Lorenz, Harlow) - ATTACHMENT

Question 1

what year did Lorenz conduct his research

Answer 1

1935

Question 2

what year did Harlow conduct his research

Answer 2

1959

Question 3

what is imprinting

Answer 3

when an animal recognises another individual to be one and leads to developing a strong bond with a mother

Question 4

when does imprinting take place

Answer 4

in a specific time of development (critical period)

Question 5

what is sexual imprinting

Answer 5

the idea that imprinting can affect adult mate preferences (e.g. goslings with boots)

Question 6

aim of Lorenz (1935)

Answer 6

to investigate infant attachment in geese

Question 7

IVs in Lorenz (1935)

Answer 7

chick raised from birth by either Lorenz or by it’s birthmother

Question 8

DV in Lorenz (1935)

Answer 8

if the gosling/goose followed Lorenz or it’s mother

Question 9

results of Lorenz (1935)

Answer 9

chicks always followed the first adult they saw

Question 10

how long did Lorenz think the attachment of the goose to him was for

Answer 10

it seemed to be permanent. when the geese went to mate, some tried to mate with his boots that he’d wear

Question 11

conclusion of Lorenz (1935)

Answer 11

there is a critical period just after birth when infants imprint on the first adult they come into contact with

Question 12

aim of Harlow (1959)

Answer 12

to investigate infant attachment in monkeys

Question 13

what were the three IVs of Harlow (1959)

Answer 13

1- food on wire mother, 2- food on cloth mother, 3- stranger anxiety/ secure base (scary robot/ new toys)

Question 14

DV for cloth/wire mother in Harlow (1959)

Answer 14

time spent with each mother

Question 15

DV for stranger anxiety/ secure base in Harlow (1959)

Answer 15

secure base behaviour and mother choice

Question 16

results of Harlow (1959)

Answer 16

all monkeys spent much longer with cloth mother regardless of food location

Question 17

what did the monkeys use the cloth mother for (Harlowm 1959)

Answer 17

for comfort and to explore new toys more willingly with cloth mother in room

Question 18

main conclusion of Harlow (1959)

Answer 18

infants seek comfort over food
critical period for attachment
attachment is crucial, lack of mother resulted in abnormal development

Question 19

what is the time slot that recovery was possible for monkeys without mother contact (Harlow, 1959)

Answer 19

mother attachment has to happen within first 3 months of monkey’s life