Schaffer & Emerson (1964) - ATTACHMENT Flashcards
how many babies where used in this study and where were they from
60 - 31M, 29F from Glasgow and (generally) skilled working-class families
what two aspects of attachment were researched (Schaffer and Emerson, 1964)
separation anxiety and stranger anxiety
how was information recorded in the separation anxiety section of the experiment
self report, semi-structured interview
parents asked what behaviours babies did when they left the room
how was information recorded in the stranger anxiety section of the experiment
measured response to unfamiliar adults
controlled observation
at around 6 months (25-32 weeks) old what did 50% of the babies show
separation anxiety towards one individual (the primary caregiver)
what is it called when a baby shows separation anxiety to one person only
specific attachment
what determined the person who became the primary caregiver to the baby
the most responsive, interactive and sensitive caregiver- not necessarily the person who spends the most time with them
by 40 weeks old what was found in the babies’ behaviour
80% had specific attachments, 30% had multiple attachments
how many stages did Schaffer and Emerson’s stage model contain
4
what was stage 1 of S&E’s stage model
indiscriminative attachment
what is indiscriminative attachment
no preference for people/ objects. only a preference for a social stimulus
stage 2 of the stage model
beginnings of attachment
what happens within ‘beginnings of attachment’ stage
babies can distinguish between familiar people and strangers. no stranger anxiety, comforted by anyone
stage 3 of stage model
discriminative attachment
what happens within ‘discriminative attachment’ stage
separation and stranger anxiety are seen. preference for one person (primary caregiver)
