Retrieval Failure Theory of Forgetting - MEMORY

Question 1

who developed the retrieval failure

Answer 1

Tulving et al (1973)

Question 2

what did Tulving et al (1973) suggest the reason we forget it

Answer 2

due to insufficient cues

Question 3

what’s a schematic memory

Answer 3

memories encoded with information from the environment

Question 4

what are schematic memories compared to

Answer 4

a ‘web’ - all interconnected, can’t retrieve one without ‘pulling’ on others

Question 5

what do cues enable us to do

Answer 5

remember memories

Question 6

what is the encoding specificity principle

Answer 6

the more similarity between encoding and retrieval events = more likely to recall original memory

Question 7

what’s a mnemonic

Answer 7

a tool to help remember facts of a large amount of information (song, rhyme, acronym, image etc - like the planet thingy)

Question 8

two types of cue-dependent forgetting

Answer 8

context and state

Question 9

what is context dependent forgetting

Answer 9

external environmental cues (images, words etc)

Question 10

what is state dependent forgetting

Answer 10

internal cues (mood, emotions etc)

Question 11

experiment supporting context dependent forgetting

Answer 11

Godden and Baddeley (1975)

Question 12

experiment supporting state dependent forgetting

Answer 12

Goodwin et al (1969)

Question 13

what happened in Godden and Baddeley (1975)

Answer 13

scuba divers given list of words
learnt either underwater/on land
how many words recalled underwater/on land

Question 14

aim of Godden and Baddeley (1975)

Answer 14

to investigate whether context affects memory

Question 15

exp. type of Godden and Baddeley (1975)

Answer 15

repeated measures

Question 16

findings of Godden and Baddeley (1975)

Answer 16

recall significantly better in original context

Question 17

concl (Godden and Baddeley 1975)

Answer 17

recall is context dependent

Question 18

experiment supporting state dependent forgetting

Answer 18

Goodwin et al (1969)

Question 19

aim of Goodwin et al (1969)

Answer 19

to discover if mental/ physical state affects memory

Question 20

procedure of Goodwin et al (1969)

Answer 20

male volunteers given list of words either at 3x legal drink limit or sober
asked to recall 24hrs afterwards

Question 21

findings of Goodwin et al (1969)

Answer 21

recall was significantly better in original state

Question 22

concl of Goodwin et al (1969)

Answer 22

forgetting is state dependent