Treatment Of Hypertension

Question 1

What are the stages of hypertension and the thresholds?

Answer 1

Stage 1- 140/90
Stage 2- 160/100
Severe- 180/110

Question 2

What is hypertension a risk for?

Answer 2

Stroke, ischaemic heart disease, left ventricular hypertrophy, heart failure, renal failure and retinopathy

Question 3

What are the causes of hypotension?

Answer 3

Renal disease, vascular, hormonal, monogenic genetic diseases

Question 4

What are the goals of hypertension treatment?

Answer 4

Blood pressure control, prevention of organ damage and controlling other CV risk factors

Question 5

What are some non-pharmacological treatments of hypertension?

Answer 5

Quit smoking, weight control, less salt, regular exercise, reduced alcohol intake, behavioural therapies

Question 6

What are some pharmacological treatments of hypertension?

Answer 6

ACE inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor blockers, diuretics, sympathetic nervous system drugs, vasodilation

Question 7

What are side effects of ACE inhibitors?

Answer 7

Cough -> decrease in bradykinin breakdown
Angioedema
Hyperkalaemia

Question 8

What are side effects of angiotensin II receptor blockers?

Answer 8

Hyperkalaemia

Question 9

What do beta 1 blockers do?

Answer 9

Decrease HR and contractility -> decreased BP

Question 10

How do alpha 1 blockers work?

Answer 10

Vasodilation -> decrease BP