Beyond The Classic Endocrine Glands Flashcards
What is lipoprotein lipase involved in?
Triglyceride hydrolysis (lipolysis) and involved in receptor- mediated lipoprotein uptake
What does hormone sensitive lipase do?
When needed, hydrolyses fat stored as triacylglycerol
What hormones do adipose tissue secrete?
Leptin, adiponectin, androgens-> oestrogens, cytokines and resistin
What is leptins function?
Signals satiety to the brain
What is adiponectins function?
Increases insulin sensitivity
What can a mutation in the leptin gene lead to?
Abnormal eating behaviour and early onset obesity
Why is leptin not a common treatment for obesity?
The mutation that makes it work is rare so it doesnt often work
What is normally the relationship between obesity and leptin?
Obesity is generally related to leptin resistance
What is obesity regarded as?
A state of chronic, low-level inflammation
What are the balance changes of all the adipose hormone secretions in obesity?
Leptin = high but resistant Adiponectin = low Insulin- resistant-> diabetes Cytokines= more pro inflammatory Chemokines attract macrophages
What is metabolic syndrome?
General disorder of energy metabolism
What is metabolic syndrome associated with?
Obesity, hypertension, hyperglycaemia, high serum triglycerides, insulin resistance
What is the difference between visceral or subcutaneous fat?
Express different developmental genes
Where do the free fatty acids and adipocytes released from visceral fat drain to?
Liver
What is the largest endocrine gland in the body?
Gastroenteropancreatic tract
