Integrated Control Of Ventilation Flashcards
How do the lungs and kidney maintain blood pH homeostasis?
By regulating paCO2 and [HCO3-] respectively
What is blood pH proportional to?
HCO3- : CO2
What may excessive changes in the blood pH be caused by?
Respiratory (CO2) or metabolic (HCO3-) dysfunction
What happens to the other side if it’s dysfunctioning in one direction?
It will try to compensate by moving in the opposite direction
What does increased ventilation mean for the levels of CO2 and pH?
Decreased CO2 and increased pH
What does decreased ventilation mean for the levels of CO2 and pH?
Increased CO2 and decreased pH
What does increased HCO3 excretion mean for the levels of HCO3- and pH?
Decreased [HCO3-] and decreased pH
What does decreased HCO3 excretion mean for the levels of HCO3- and pH?
Increased [HCO3-] and increased pH
When does respiratory acidosis occur?
When ventilation is insufficient relative to the metabolic demands of the body
How does the body fix respiratory acidosis?
Decreased ventilation -> increased paCO2 -> increased [H+] = Decreased pH (acidosis) -> increased respiratory rate
What must happen to maintain a normal pH if you chronically hypoventilate?
HCO3- excretion must decrease
When does respiratory alkalosis happen?
When you over ventilate relative to the metabolic demands of the body
How does alkalosis happen?
Decreased ventilation -> decreased paCO2 -> decreased [H+] = increased pH
What happens if you chronically hyperventilate to maintain a normal pH?
HCO3- excretion must increase
How does anxiety lead to respiratory alkalosis?
Anxiety trigger -> panic attack
- > increased ventilation (tachypnoea) without increased metabolic demand
- > hyperventilation
- > decreased paCO2
- > respiratory alkalosis
