Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Physiology 1 > Pancreatic Exocrine Secretions And Control > Flashcards

Pancreatic Exocrine Secretions And Control Flashcards

1
Q

What are the types of cells in the pancreas?

A

Acinar cells
Pancreatic acini
Duct cells
Pancreatic islet cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What do pancreatic islet cells secrete?

A

Hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What do duct cells secrete?

A

NaHCO3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What do pancreatic acini cells form?

A

The exocrine portion of the pancreas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What do acinar cells secrete?

A

Digestive enzymes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What effect does CCK have on acinar cells?

A

Stimulatory- causes them to secrete pancreatic enzymes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the levels (smallest -> biggest) of acini -> pancreatic duct?

A 
Acini
Sacs
Microvilli
Intercalated ducts
Intralobular ducts
Interlobular ducts
Pancreatic duct
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Where does the pancreatic duct enter the duodenum?

A

Common bile duct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the intercalated ducts in the pancreas made up of?

A

Squamous epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the intralobular ducts in the pancreas made up of?

A

Cuboidal or low columnar epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the interlobular ducts in the pancreas made up of?

A

Columnar epithelium/ goblet cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How much fluid does the pancreas secrete per day?

A

1.5 litres

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is in pancreatic secretions?

A

Sodium and HCO3- rich, albumin, globulin and digestive enzymes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Why are some enzymes secreted in an inactive form?

A

To prevent autodigestion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are inactive enzymes called?

A

Zygmogens

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Where does enzyme activation happen?

A

Duodenum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the anions in pancreatic juice?

A

HCO3-, Cl-, SO4 2- and HPO4 2-

18
Q

What are the cations in pancreatic juice?

A

Na+, K+, Ca 2+, Mg 2+

19
Q

How is the composition of pancreatic juice modified as it travels through the duct?

A

Epithelial cells actively exchange Cl- for HCO3 -

H+ actively eliminated by Na +/K+ exchanger, exchanged for K+ by Na+/K+ ATPase and neutralises HCO3 -

20
Q

What is [HCO3 -] in pancreatic juice and its rate of production inversely proportional to?

A

[HCO3 -] blood

21
Q

What decreases in pancreatic juice when secretin increases?

A

Amylase and chloride ions

22
Q

What does a secretin stimulated pancreas cause?

A

[HCO3 -] rich secretions

23
Q

What are the 5 types of enzyme secretion in the pancreas?

A
  • proteolytic enzymes
  • amylase
  • lipase
  • ribonuclease
  • deoxyribonuclease
24
Q

What does colipase do?

A

Works with lipase to break down fat droplets

25
Q

When are enterokinases secreted?

A

In response to CCK

26
Q

Where are enterokinases found?

A

Brush border of epithelial cells

27
Q

What do enterokinases do?

A

Trypsinogen -> trypsin

28
Q

What does trypsin do?

A

Causes an autocatalytic chain reaction ( autoactivation and activation of other proenzymes)

29
Q

What are the inhibitors of enterokinases?

A

KaZal inhibitor, enzyme Y

Intracellular pH of zymogen granule- acidic

30
Q

What happens in acute pancreatitis?

A

Trypsin activates phospholipase A2 in the pancreatic duct

31
Q

What does isolethicin do?

A

Disruption of pancreatic tissue, membrane damage and necrosis

32
Q

What does acute pancreatitis lead to?

A

Increased [pancreatic alpha amylase] in blood

33
Q

What happens if there is a pancreatic insufficiency of lipase?

A

Poor digestion and malabsorption of lipids

34
Q

What are the percentages of pancreas secreted enzymes that reach the small intestine?

A

Amylase- 75%
Trypsin- 20%
Lipase- 1%

35
Q

What 4 things control pancreatic secretions?

A

Neuroendocrine signals, vagal (parasympathetic) stimulation, sympathetic stimulation, secretin and CCK

36
Q

What happens in the pancreas when the parasympathetic systems stimulated?

A

Enhances rate of secretion of enzymes and various components of pancreatic juice

37
Q

What control of pancreatic secretions happen in the cephalic phase?

A

Vagal stimulation of gastrin release from the antrum -> protein rich pancreatic juice

38
Q

What control of pancreatic secretions happen in the gastric phase?

A

Distension, amino acid and peptide stimulated gastrin secretion -> enzyme rich pancreatic juice

39
Q

What does CCK do to the gall bladder?

A

Contracts it and relaxes the sphincter of oddi-> release of bile into the duodenum

40
Q

What happens in the pancreas in cystic fibrosis?

A

The pancreas has blocked pancreatic ducts and intestines cannot absorb nutrients properly

Physiology 1 (65 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions