trauma Xray in upper limb and lower limb Flashcards
what views are done on an Xray to see the cervical spine?
- AP
- lateral
- odontoid peg
what views are done on the Xray to see the scaphoid?
- AP
- lateral
- two obliques
what is an avulsion fracture?
where a fragment of bone is pulled away at the ligament or tendinous attachment
what does a visible posterior fat bad mean?
- always abnormal
- indicator of elbow trauma
what fractures are usually seen in kids bones?
- buckle fracture
- plastic bowing
- greenstick fracture
they are soft so bend more than snap
it is common in adults for ligaments and tendons to avulse from their soft bony attachment
true or false
false- its common in children
what is the epiphysis normally in line with?
the metaphysis
what causes the epiphysis to no longer be centres with the metaphysis?
-a fracture involving the growth plate
where do bony rings exist?
- spinal canal
- pelvis
- forearm and lower leg
why do bones have bony rings?
-to distribute the weight better
bony rings commonly only fracture in one place
True or False
False!!
bony rings- like a polo mint
usually split in many places
can wood and plastic be seen on an Xray?
no
-can be seen on USS
can glass be seen on an Xray?
yes
can metal be seen on an Xray?
yes
what is this fracture seen in a young child?
a buckle fracture
if you are suspicious of a fracture but Xray shows there isnt one- what test do you do?
CT scan
who do high energy pelvis ring fractures usually affect?
high energy event such as fall from height or car crash
often involve young people
what investigations are done for high energy pelvis fractures?
if only pelvis involved- Xray
if more than pelvis involved (such as involved in car crash)- CT as it can show muscles, ligaments, brain
what investigations are done for high energy pelvis fractures?
if only pelvis involved- Xray
if more than pelvis involved (such as involved in car crash)- CT as it can show muscles, ligaments, brain
who is usually affected by a low energy pelvis ring fracture?
- elderly patients with osteoarthritis
- due to minor fall may be insidious onset
what is more sensitive to showing fractures: CT or Xray?
CT
what investigation is done to show acute injuries affecting superficial structures?
USS
what investigation is done for a pelvic soft tissue injury?
MRI- as it provides more of a complete assessment of all soft tissues and bones
