osteoarthritis Flashcards
what is the most common form of joint disease?
osteoarthritis
what are some primary causes of osteoarthritis?
aging
what are some secondary causes to osteoarthritis?
- excess weight bearing
- deformity
- injury
what is the usual age of onset for osteoarthritis?
> 50
what is the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis?
- degeneration of cartilage and disordered repair
- injury chondrocytes, they begin to proliferate, releasing inflammatory mediators, proteases, collagen and proteoglycans
what is the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis?
- degeneration of cartilage and disordered repair
- injury chondrocytes, they begin to proliferate, releasing inflammatory mediators, proteases, collagen and proteoglycans
what are some extra articular manifestations on the skin from rheumatoid
- rheumatoid nodules
- small vessel vasculitis
what are some key pathological changes in OA?
-localised loss of hyaline cartilage and remodelling of adjacent bone with new bone formation at joint margins
what are some risk factors for OA?
- ageing
- female
- obese
- genetics
- joint injury/ occupation/ recreational usage/ reduced muscle strength/ joint laxity/ joint malignancy
where does localised OA affect?
- hips
- knees
- finger interphalangeal joints
- facet joints
- lower cervical and lower lumbar spine
where does generalise OA affect?
either the spinal or hand joints and in atleast 2 other joint regions
what is the presentation of OA?
- pain worse with joint use
- morning stiffness lasts <30 mins
- inactivity gelling
- poor grip in thumb OA
- extremely variable
what tests are done to diagnose OA?
- usually diagnosis clinical based
- imaging: Xray, MRI scan , ultrasound
what is the management for OA?
- analgesia
- locan Intra articular steroid injection
- lifestyle management
- physiotherapy
- occupational health
is OA an inflammatory disorder?
no
its non inflammatory
