osteoarthritis Flashcards
what is the most common form of joint disease?
osteoarthritis
what are some primary causes of osteoarthritis?
aging
what are some secondary causes to osteoarthritis?
- excess weight bearing
- deformity
- injury
what is the usual age of onset for osteoarthritis?
> 50
what is the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis?
- degeneration of cartilage and disordered repair
- injury chondrocytes, they begin to proliferate, releasing inflammatory mediators, proteases, collagen and proteoglycans
what is the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis?
- degeneration of cartilage and disordered repair
- injury chondrocytes, they begin to proliferate, releasing inflammatory mediators, proteases, collagen and proteoglycans
what are some extra articular manifestations on the skin from rheumatoid
- rheumatoid nodules
- small vessel vasculitis
what are some key pathological changes in OA?
-localised loss of hyaline cartilage and remodelling of adjacent bone with new bone formation at joint margins
what are some risk factors for OA?
- ageing
- female
- obese
- genetics
- joint injury/ occupation/ recreational usage/ reduced muscle strength/ joint laxity/ joint malignancy
where does localised OA affect?
- hips
- knees
- finger interphalangeal joints
- facet joints
- lower cervical and lower lumbar spine
where does generalise OA affect?
either the spinal or hand joints and in atleast 2 other joint regions
what is the presentation of OA?
- pain worse with joint use
- morning stiffness lasts <30 mins
- inactivity gelling
- poor grip in thumb OA
- extremely variable
what tests are done to diagnose OA?
- usually diagnosis clinical based
- imaging: Xray, MRI scan , ultrasound
what is the management for OA?
- analgesia
- locan Intra articular steroid injection
- lifestyle management
- physiotherapy
- occupational health
is OA an inflammatory disorder?
no
its non inflammatory
OA is uncommon
True or false?
False!!
its the most common arthritis
what is the pathogenesis of OA?
imbslance between wear and repair of cartilage within joints
what can be seen on an Xray of someone with OA?
LOSS
Loss of joint space
Osteophytes
Sclerosing
Subchondral cysts
