Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MSK > hip conditions and surgery > Flashcards

hip conditions and surgery Flashcards

1
Q

what does groin pain suggest?

A

intra articular hip pathology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

anterior thigh pain suggests?

A

intra articular hip pathology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what days pain over lateral hip/ greater trochanter suggest?

A

trochanteric bursitis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what does pain in lower back/buttocks usually relate to?

A

SI pathology

lower back

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAI)?

A

a condition causing extra bone to grow on both the bones that form the hip joint (acetebulum and femoral neck) causing it to be the wrong shape

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

how does femoroacetabular impingement present?

A
  • pain (in groin area, particularly on flexion and rotation)
  • difficulty sitting
  • stiffness
  • limping
  • C sign positive
  • FADIR provocation test positive
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what type of femoroacetabular impingements are there?

A

CAM type and pincer types

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is the difference anatomically between the pincer type and cam type femoroacetabular impingement?

A

pincer type= acetabular deformity

CAM type= femoral deformity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is the difference anatomically between the pincer type and cam type femoroacetabular impingement?

A

pincer type= acetabular deformity

CAM type= femoral deformity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

who is usually affected by a CAM type demoroacetabular impingement?

A

young athletic males

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

who is usually affected by the pincer type femoroacetabular impingement?

A

females

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what can both CAM and pincer femoroacetabular impingement cause?

A
  • damage to labrum and tears
  • damage to cartilage
  • OA in later life
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what tests must be done for femoroacetabular impingement syndrome?

A

radiographs
CT
MRI (for better visualising damage to labrum and bony oedema)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is the treatment for femoracetabular impingement syndrome?

A 
asymptomatic= observe them
symptomatic= SURGERY

CAM impingement= arthroscopic or open surgery to remove CAM/ debride labral tears

Pincer imgingement= periacetabular osteotomy/ debride lateral tears

older patients with secondary OA= arthroplasty

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what is avascular necrosis?

A

failure of blood supply to the femoral head

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

who does avascular necrosis usually affect? (age + sex)

A

male> females

35-50 years

16
Q

is avascular necrosis usually unilateral?

A

no, 80% of cases are bilateral

17
Q

what are some risk factors for avascular necrosis?

A
  • irridation
  • trauma
  • haemotologic disease, sickle cell or hypercoagulable states (divers coming out of water too fast)
  • dysbaric disorders
  • alcoholism
  • steroid use

most cases idiopathic

18
Q

how does avascular necrosis present?

A
  • insidious onset of groin pain
  • exacerbated by stairs or impact
  • examination is usually normal unless disease has advanced to collapse/OA
19
Q

what investigations are done for avascular necrosis?

A
  • Xray

- MRI if Xray is normal but asyptomatic as it is more sensitive

20
Q

is avascular necrosis reversible?

A

early stages- reversible

late stages- irreversible (when the femoral head has collapsed)

21
Q

is avascular necrosis reversible?

A

early stages- reversible

late stages- irreversible (when the femoral head has collapsed)

22
Q

management for reversible/ early stage avascular necrosis?

A
  • biphopshpatpnates
  • core decompression +/- bone grafting
  • curettage and bone grafting
  • vascularised fibular bone graft
23
Q

what is the treatment for late stage/irreversible avascular necrosis?

A

total hip replacement

24
Q

what is trochanteric bursitis?

A

inflammation of the trochanteric bursa

25
Q

what causes trochanteric bursitis?

A

repetitive trauma caused by ilitibial band tracking over trochanteric bursa

26
Q

who is usually affected by trochanteric bursitis?

A

females

young runners and older patients

27
Q

how does trochanteric bursitis present?

A
  • pain on lateral aspect of the hip

- pain on palpation of greater trochanter

28
Q

how is trochanter bursitis diagnosed?

A
  • clinical diagnosis
  • radiographs usually remarkable
  • visible on MRI but not usually needed
29
Q

what is the management for trochantric bursitis?

A
  • analgesia
  • NSAIDs
  • physio
  • steroid injection

there is no proven benefit of surgery!

30
Q

what is osteoarthritis?

A
  • degenerative disease of synovial joints that causes progressive loss of articular cartilage
  • inflammatory changes in capsule lead to thickening and tightness
30
Q

what is osteoarthritis?

A
  • degenerative disease of synovial joints that causes progressive loss of articular cartilage
  • inflammatory changes in capsule lead to thickening and tightness
31
Q

who is more commonly affected by OA?

A

females> males
older age
family history of OA
pre existing hip disease

32
Q

how does hip OA present?

A 
groin pain
worse on activity
pain at night
start up pain
stiff on testing ROM
33
Q

how is OA diagnosed?

A

Radiographs!

Xray

34
Q

what is management for OA?

A 
analgesia
weight loss
walking aids
physio
steroid injections?
total hip replacement
35
Q

primary indication for a hip replacement in OA?

A

PAIN!

36
Q

what are risks of total hip replacement?

A
  • scar
  • bleeding
  • neurovascular injury
  • fracture
  • clotting (DVT/PE/CVA)
  • infection
  • dislocation
  • leg length discrepency
  • loosening
  • ongoing symptoms

MSK (64 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions