Topic 9: UTI Flashcards
Pyelonephritis
inflammation of the renal parenchyma and collecting system
Cystitis
inflammation of the bladder
Urethritis
inflammation of the urethra
Urosepsis
a UTI that has spread systemically
Most common pathogen causing UTI is
E. coli
Lower UTI Clinical Manifestations
· Dysuria
· Suprapubic pain
· Hesitancy
· Frequency (voiding more than every 2 hours)
· Intermittent stream
· Postvoid dribbling
· Painful urination
· Urgency
· Incontinence
· Nocturia
· Urine: cloudy, hematuria, foul odor, sediment
Upper UTI Clinical Manifestations
· Fever, chills
· Flank pain
UTI Clinical Manifestations: Older Adult
· Confusion/cognitive impairment
Non-localized abdominal discomfort
Diagnostic Assessment
· Urinalysis (midstream, “clean-catch” voided specimen)
· Urine for culture and sensitivity
Imaging of urinary tract, CT scan, ultrasound, cystoscopy
Health Promotion
· Empty bladder frequently and completely
· Wipe from FRONT to back
· Encourage fluids (6 8oz glasses/day)
Prevention of CAUTI
· Avoid unnecessary catherization
· Early removal of indwelling catheter
· Use aseptic technique during these procedures (wash hands, wear gloves)
Acute Care for UTI
· Adequate fluid intake
· Avoid caffeine, alcohol, citrus juices, chocolate, and highly spiced foods/drinks (potential bladder irritants)
· Take full course of antibiotics
Ambulatory Care for UTI
· Adhering to drug regimen
· Maintain adequate daily fluid intake
· Voiding regularly (every 3 to 4 hours)
· Void before and after intercourse
· Temporarily stopping the use of a diaphragm
Teaching UTI
· Take all antibiotics as prescribed
· Wipe FRONT to back after urinating
· Cleanse with warm soapy water after each bowel movement
· Empty the bladder before and after sexual intercourse
· Void regularly, about 2-4 hours during the day
· Maintain adequate fluid intake
· Avoid vaginal douches and harsh soaps, bubble baths, powders and sprays in the perineal area
Report to HCP symptoms or signs of recurrent UTI (fever, cloudy urine, pain on urination, urgency, frequency)
· Antibiotics for UTI
o Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMZ)
o Nitrofurantoin
o Cephalexin
o Fosfomycin
