Topic 10: Lupus Flashcards
Systemic lupus erythematous (SLE):
multisystem inflammatory autoimmune disease, typically affects the skin, joints, and serous membranes, renal, hematologic and neurologic systems. Marked by chronic unpredictable course with alternating periods of remission and exacerbation
clinical manifestations of lupus
· Butterfly rash over cheeks and bridge of nose
· alopecia
· Fever, weight loss, joint pain, excessive fatigue
· Vascular lesions can appear anywhere, mostly on sun-exposed areas
· Arthritis occurs in many patients with SLE
· Polyarthralgia (pain in multiple joints) with morning onset is often first complaint
Increased susceptibility to infection
cardiac manifestations of lupus
dysrhythmias due to fibrosis of sinoatrial and atrioventricular nodes, advanced disease
renal manifestations of lupus
mild proteinuria to glomerulonephritis, scarring, and permanent damage can lead to ESRD.
nervous system of lupus
may have generalized or focal onset seizures, peripheral neuropathy
hematologic manifestations of lupus
· blood problems due to formation of antibodies against blood cells
o Anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, coagulation disorders
diagnostic assessment
· Antibodies (ANA, anti-DNA, anti-Sm, antiphospholipid)
· CBC count
· Serum complement
· Urinalysis
· X-ray of affected joints
· Chest x-ray
ECG to determine cardiac involvement
drugs therapy for lupus
· NSAIDs for mild disease
· Steroid-sparing drugs (methotrexate)
· Antimalarials
· Corticosteroid for flares and severe disease
Immunosuppressive drugs
patient teaching for lupus
· Pain management strategies
· Energy conservation and pacing techniques
· Therapeutic exercise, heat therapy for arthralgia
· Realization therapy
· Avoid physical and emotional stress
· Avoid exposure to those with an infection
· Avoid drying soaps, powders, household chemicals
· Use sunscreen protection
· Regular medical and lab follow-up
