Topic 9: Prostate Cancer

Question 1

prostate cancer

Answer 1

tumor of the prostate glad

Question 2

clinical manifestations for prostate cancer

Answer 2

· Similar to BPH
Pain in lumbosacral area that radiates to hips or legs

Question 3

diagnostic assessment for prostate cancer

Answer 3

· DRE
· OSA
· Transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) or pelvic MRI
· Prostate biopsy
CT abdomen and pelvis with contrast (to assess for metastatic disease)

Question 4

surgery for prostate cancer

Answer 4

· Radical prostatectomy
· Cryotherapy
· Orchiectomy (for metastatic disease)

Question 5

· Radical prostatectomy

Answer 5

o The entire prostate gland, seminal vesicles, and part of the bladder neck (ampulla) are removed

Question 6

what are some adverse outcomes after radical prostatectomy

Answer 6

ED and urinary incontinence

Question 7

Kegel exercises

Answer 7

strengthen the pelvic floor and urinary sphincter and my heal improve continence

Question 8

· Cryotherapy

Answer 8

o Destroys cancer cells by freezing the tissue

Question 9

· Orchiectomy (for metastatic disease)

Answer 9

o Surgical removal of the testes, it is the gold standard for androgen deprivation

Question 10

radiation therapy skin SE

Answer 10

irritation
dryness
redness

Question 11

radiation therapy GI SE

Answer 11

diarrhea, abdominal cramps, bleeding

Question 12

radiation therapy urinary SE

Answer 12

dysuria, hematuria, frequency hesitancy, urgency, nocturia, radiation cystitis

Question 13

· Brachytherapy and prostate cancer

Answer 13

Radioactive seed implants into the prostate gland

Question 14

Catheter Care

Answer 14

· Clean urethral meatus soap and water once a day
· Maintain high fluid intake
· Keep the collecting bag lower than the bladder at all times
· Keep the catheter securely anchored to the inner thigh
Tell patient to report any signs of bladder infection such as bladder spasms, fever, or hematuria

Question 15

drug therapy for prostate cancer

Answer 15

· Androgen deprivation therapy
Chemotherapy

Question 16

Testicular Torsion

Answer 16

twisting of the spermatic cord that supplies blood to the testes and epididymis. Considered a SURGICAL EMERGENCY.

Question 17

Testicular Torsion most common in

Answer 17

males younger than 20

Question 18

Clinical Manifestations of Testicular Torsion

Answer 18

Sudden onset of scrotal pain
· Tenderness
· Swelling
· N/V
· Cremasteric reflex is absent

Question 19

Clinical Manifestations of Testicular Cancer

Answer 19

· Painless lump in scrotum
· Scrotal swelling
· Feeling of heaviness
Scrotal mass is nontender and firm

Question 20

Diagnosis for Testicular Torsion

Answer 20

· Scrotal/testicular Doppler ultrasound

Question 21

Diagnosis for Testicular Cancer

Answer 21

· Palpation of scrotal contents
· Ultrasound of the testes
Tumor markers should be checked to determine serum levels of a-fetoprotein (AFP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)

Question 22

Tumor markers should be checked to determine serum levels of…

Answer 22

a-fetoprotein (AFP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)

Question 23

Testicular Torsion intervention

Answer 23

· Surgery to untwist the cord and restore blood supply must be done emergently

Question 24

testicular cancer intervention

Answer 24

Radical inguinal orchiectomy
May need cryopreservation of sperm

Question 25

Radical inguinal orchiectomy

Answer 25

surgical removal of the affected testes, spermatic cord, and regional lymph node