Topic 5 Part 1 (muscle) Flashcards
What are muscles?
Tissue that can contract (shorten)
What are 3 types of muscle?
- Cardiac muscle (heart)
- Skeletal muscle (bones)
- Smooth muscle (organs)
What is the smooth muscle?
-have one nucleus
-long and tapered at the ends
-arranged in parallel lines forming sheets
-contract voluntarily
-form walls of internal organs
What is the cardiac muscle?
-only found in walls of the heart
-have light and dark bands (striated)
-are tubular and have a branched structure
- one nucleus
-contract involuntarily
What is striated?
marked with long, thin parallel streaks.
What is the skeletal muscle
-are tubular and striated
-can be very long
-many nucleus
-contract voluntarily (controlled by the nervous system)
-attached to bones
-referred to as fiberz
What are the 3 types of skeletal muscle?
- Slow twitch
- Fast twitch
- Intermediate twitch
What is slow twitch?
They don’t produce a lot of power, but they’re also resistant to fatigue and can contract for a long time. Slow-twitch muscle fibers help with a lot of your daily movements, like walking, cleaning your house, or sitting upright in a chair.
-marathon runners
What is fast twitch
The muscle cells responsible for short, powerful movements. They can produce a lot more force and power for a short time, but they get fatigued fast.
What is intermediate twitch ?
Similar to fast twitch divers but are more resistant to fatigue
How are muscles controlled?
By electrical impulses from the nervous system
-each muscle fibre has a minimum voltage require to cause it to contract
What is the all or none response?
If the minimum voltage threshold is reached, the fibre will contact.
-it will not contact “harder” or “faster” if there is more voltage
What is the contraction in relation to all or none reponse called?
Muscle twitch
What are the 3 periods muscle twitches are divided into?
- Latent period
- Contraction period
- Relaxation period
What is the latent period?
Period of time between stimulation and initiation contraction
