Topic 3, Part 2 Flashcards
what is an endoscope?
tube shaped instrument with a lens, light source that can be fitted with a laser to diagnose and/or perfom surgery
the small intestine is the most site of what?
digestion and absorption
what are the 3 parts of the small intestine?
duodenum, jejunum and ileum.
what is the first 25-30cm of the small intestine called?
duodenum
things about the jejunum?
middle part of small intestine, about 2.5m long
things about the ileum?
final section of the small intestine, is about 3m long
what is added to the chyme in the deodenum?
Digestive enzymes made by the pancreas and liver in order to continue to break down carbs, protein and lipids.
where does the absorption of nurtients into the bloodstream occur?
small intestine
perstalisis in relation to acidic chyme?
moves the acidic chyme along the small intestine
what are villi?
tiny finger-like projections which increase surface area of small intestine
what is the pancreas?
an organ located in the abdomen.
-plays an essential role in converting the food we eat into fuel for the body’s cells.
what does pancreas add?
alkaline buffers to increase pH and neutralize acids
what does the pancreas do to lipase and amylase?
secretes it into the duodenum
what enzymes does the pancreas produce?
trypsinogen and chymotrypsinogen
what is bile
Bile is a fluid made and released by the liver and stored in the gallbladder
what does bile breakdown?
lipids into smaller blobs that are easier to digest
what are gallstones?
accumulation of cholesterol deposits inthe gallbladder from excess bile.
What does the liver do in the digestive system?
Manufactures biles, a detergent like substance that facilitates digestion of fats
What does the stomach do in the digestive system?
Adds acid, enzymes, and fluid; churns, mixes and grinds food to a liquid mass
What does the gall bladder do in the digestive system?
Stores hold until needed
What does the pancreas do in the digestive system?
Manufactures enzymes to digest macromolecules; secretes bicarbonate to neutralize stomach acid that enters small molecules intestine
What does the large intestine do in the digestive system?
Absorbs water and slats; passes remaining undigested material and some water out of the body
What does the rectum do in the digestive system?
Stores waste prior to elimination
What does the abus do in the digestive system?
Holds recteum closed; opens to allow elimination
