blood, topic 3 Flashcards
where do arteries carry blood?
away from the heart
what kindve blood are arteries filled with?
oxygenated blood with the exception of pulmonary artery
what happens when artery branches get smaller?
they get called arterioles
How is the diameter of an artery?
small and hallow
do arteries have valves?
no
why are arteries thick walled and elastic?
to withstand high pressure from muscular push from the heart
what happens to arteries when blood comes through?
they bulge out, this is used to measure pulse
where do veins carry blood?
to the heart
what kindve blood do veins carry?
deoxygenated with the exception of the pulmnary vein
How is the diameter of veins?
large and hallow
how is cirulation in veins aided?
by muscle contractions
why do veins have valves in low pressure?
to keep blood from flowing backwards
what are capillaries?
tiny blood vessels where food, oxygen and wastes are exchanged with the cells of the body
does every cell sit beside a capillary?
yes
how thick are capillary walls?
one cell thick for easy exchange through diffusion
how many layers are the walls of arteries?
3 layers of cells
how much blood does an adult female and male have?
male, 5-6
female, 4-5
where is blood made?
bone marrow by cell divison
when does anemia occur?
when you have few red blood cells (RBC)
do RBC have a nucleus?
no
what is the lifespan of a RBC?
120 days
what do RBC’s do?
carry oxygen using hemoglobin
what is leukemia?
a blood cancer that affects white blood cells
what is the smallest blood component called?
platelets (thrombocytes)
what is hemophilia?
lack of clotting factors
what is plasma?
-liquid portion of blood
-mostly water
-carries blood cells and platelets
-carries dissolved ions, nutrients, enzymes and other substances
how is platelets blood created?
by fragments of larger cells in bone marrow that breaks apart
what happens to platelets when you get an injury?
the platelets break open and a chemical reaction is triggered, producing fibrin.
