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HISTOLOGY LEC > TOPIC 12 - DIGESTIVE SYSTEM > Flashcards

TOPIC 12 - DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Flashcards

1
Q

Give the organs of digestive system.

A
  1. Mouth
  2. Esophagus
  3. Stomach
  4. Small intestine
  5. Large intestine
  6. Anus
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2
Q

What are the 4 basic histological layers of the digestive system?

A
  1. Mucosa
  2. Submucosa
  3. Muscularis
  4. Serosa
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3
Q

What are the sublayers of mucosa layer?

A
  1. Epithelium
  2. Lamina propria
  3. Muscularis mucosae
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4
Q

It is the plexus located in the submucosal region between the circular muscle and mucosa.

A

Submucosal plexus

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5
Q

Other term for submucosal plexus

A

Meissner’s plexus

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6
Q

It is the plexus located between the longitudinal and circular muscle layers of most of the digestive tract.

A

Myenteric plexus

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7
Q

Other term for myenteric plexus

A

Auerbach’s plexus

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8
Q

Give the type of epithelium of mouth.

A

Non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

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9
Q

Give the type of epithelium of pharynx.

A

Non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

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10
Q

Give the type of epithelium of mucosal layer of esophagus.

A

Non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

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11
Q

Give the type of epithelium of mucosal layer of stomach.

A

Simple columnar epithelium

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12
Q

Give the type of epithelium of mucosal layer of small intestine.

A

Simple columnar epithelium

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13
Q

Give the type of epithelium of mucosal layer of large intestine.

A

Simple columnar epithelium

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14
Q

Give the type of epithelium of anus.

A

Non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

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15
Q

Esophagus has presence of folds in its epithelium. True or False?

A

False

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16
Q

What is the structure/folds present in the mucosal lining of stomach?

A

Rugae

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17
Q

What is the structure/folds present in the mucosal lining of small intestine?

A
  1. Plicae circulares
  2. Villi
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18
Q

What is the structure/folds present in the mucosal lining of large intestine?

A
  1. Haustra
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19
Q

What is the structure/folds present in the mucosal surface of esophagus?

A

None

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20
Q

What is the structure/folds present in the mucosal surface of stomach?

A

Gastric pits

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21
Q

What is the structure/folds present in the mucosal surface of small intestine?

A
  1. Crypts of Lieberkuhn
  2. Microvilli
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22
Q

What is the structure/folds present in the mucosal surface of large intestine?

A

Intestinal glands

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23
Q

What are the specialized structures present in the submucosa of esophagus?

A

Submucosal mucous glands

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24
Q

What are the specialized structures present in the submucosa of stomach?

A

None

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25
Q

What are the specialized structures present in the submucosa of duodenum?

A

Brunner’s glands

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26
Q

What are the specialized structures present in the submucosa of ileum?

A

Peyer’s Patches

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27
Q

What are the specialized structures present in the submucosa of large intestine?

A

None

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28
Q

How many smooth muscle layers are present in the muscular layer of esophagus? What is the smooth muscle’s conformation?

A

2, circular and longitudinal

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29
Q

How many smooth muscle layers are present in the muscular layer of stomach? What is the smooth muscle’s conformation?

A

3, oblique, circular, and longitudinal

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30
Q

How many smooth muscle layers are present in the muscular layer of small intestine? What is the smooth muscle’s conformation?

A

2, circular and longitudinal

31
Q

How many smooth muscle layers are present in the muscular layer of large intestine? What is the smooth muscle’s conformation?

A

2, circular and longitudinal

32
Q

Among the parts of the digestive system, which has visceral peritoneum as their serosa layer?

A
  1. Stomach
  2. Small intestine
  3. Large intestine
33
Q

Among the parts of the digestive system, which has adventitia as their serosa layer?

A
  1. Esophagus
  2. Anus
34
Q

Why does the esophagus has adventitia instead of serosa?

A

Esophagus is not in a cavity.

35
Q

Meissner’s plexus is present in what organ and what layer?

A

Esophagus; submucosa

36
Q

In the muscularis externa of esophagus, the upper one third has what fibers?

A

Skeletal fibers

37
Q

In the muscularis externa of esophagus, the middle one third has what fibers?

A

Skeletal and smooth fibers (Mixed)

38
Q

In the muscularis externa of esophagus, the lower one third have what fiber?

A

Smooth fibers

39
Q

Give the type of connective tissue of adventitia layer of esophagus.

A

Loose areolar connective tissue

40
Q

Stomach is divided into three histological regions on the basis of ?

A

Nature of glands

41
Q

What are the three regions of stomach?

A
  1. Cardiac
  2. Fundic (fundus & body)
  3. Pyloric
42
Q

Mucous secreting cardiac glands are present in what layer of stomach? Give also the specific sublayer of your answer. (2 answers)

A

Mucosa; lamina propria

43
Q

Give the type of epithelium of serosa layer of stomach.

A

Simple squamous epithelium

44
Q

Give the cells of fundic region of stomach.

A
  1. Mucous neck cells
  2. Parietal (oxyntic) cells
  3. Chief (peptic/zymogen cells)
  4. Enteroendocrine cells
  5. Undifferentiated cells
45
Q

What is the conformation of inner muscularis externa of stomach? the middle? the outer?

A

oblique; circular; longitudinal

46
Q

Deeper gastric pits are present in what region of stomach?

A

Pyloric region

47
Q

The inner circular layer of muscularis externa of pyloric region of stomach is thickened to form ?

A

Pyloric sphincter

48
Q

What are the characteristic features of mucosal layer of small intestine ?

A
  1. Plicae circularis (valves of Kerkring)
  2. Villi & Microvilli
  3. Goblet cells (few)
  4. Crypts of Liberkuhn (intestinal glands)
  5. Glands are lined by columnar cells, goblet cells, paneth cells, & enteroendocrine cells
49
Q

In jejunum, villi are in what shape?

A

Tongue-shaped

50
Q

All regions of small intestine have Brunner’s glands. True or False?

A

False, only duodenum

51
Q

Peyer’s Patches is present in what layer of ileum? Give the specific sublayer of your answer. (2 answers)

A

Mucosa; lamina propria

52
Q

Describe the villi in the ileum.

A

Short and finger-like

53
Q

In the mucosal layer of large intestine, there are Plicae circulares and villi. True or False?

A

False

54
Q

Give the 3 specialized structures of mucosal layer of large intestine.

A
  1. Microvilli
  2. Crypts of Lieberkuhn
  3. Goblet cells
55
Q

Between inner circular layer and outer longitudinal layer of muscularis externa of large intestine, which forms Taena coli?

A

Outer longitudinal layer

56
Q

The inner circular layer of muscularis externa of large intestine is thicker compared to small intestine. True or False?

A

False, thinner

57
Q

In adventitia layer of large intestine, peritoneum forms pouch like processes filled with fat. This is called ?

A

Appendices epiploicae

58
Q

This is a small blind-ending diverticulum.

A

Vermiform appendix

59
Q

Intestinal villi are usually present in vermiform appendix. True or False?

A

False, absent.

60
Q

Crypts are poorly formed in vermiform appendix. True or False?

A

True

61
Q

In vermiform appendix, muscularis externa is thick. True or False?

A

False, thin.

62
Q

Is there taenia coli in vermiform appendix?

A

None

63
Q

Is there taenia coli in rectum?

A

None

64
Q

Are there appendices epiploicae in rectum?

A

None

65
Q

A continuous coat of longitudinal muscle is present in rectum. True or False?

A

True

66
Q

Describe the intestinal glands in rectum.

A

Straight, like test tubes.

67
Q

The upper part of anal canal has what kind of epithelium ?

A

Simple columnar epithelium

68
Q

The middle part of anal canal has what kind of epithelium ?

A

Non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

69
Q

The lower part of anal canal is covered by what ?

A

True skin

70
Q

In the mucosal layer of anal canal, there are longitudinal folds called ?

A

Anal columns

71
Q

In the mucosal layer of anal, there are small folds between anal columns called ?

A

Pectinate line

72
Q

In mucosal layer of anal canal, crypts disappear below this line. What is the line?

A

Pectinate line

73
Q

Muscularis externa-circular muscle forms involuntary ____ ____ ____.

A

Internal anal sphincter

HISTOLOGY LEC (20 decks)

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