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HISTOLOGY LEC > TOPIC 12 - DIGESTIVE SYSTEM > Flashcards

TOPIC 12 - DIGESTIVE SYSTEM Flashcards

(73 cards)

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1
Q

Give the organs of digestive system.

A
  1. Mouth
  2. Esophagus
  3. Stomach
  4. Small intestine
  5. Large intestine
  6. Anus
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2
Q

What are the 4 basic histological layers of the digestive system?

A
  1. Mucosa
  2. Submucosa
  3. Muscularis
  4. Serosa
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3
Q

What are the sublayers of mucosa layer?

A
  1. Epithelium
  2. Lamina propria
  3. Muscularis mucosae
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4
Q

It is the plexus located in the submucosal region between the circular muscle and mucosa.

A

Submucosal plexus

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5
Q

Other term for submucosal plexus

A

Meissner’s plexus

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6
Q

It is the plexus located between the longitudinal and circular muscle layers of most of the digestive tract.

A

Myenteric plexus

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7
Q

Other term for myenteric plexus

A

Auerbach’s plexus

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8
Q

Give the type of epithelium of mouth.

A

Non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

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9
Q

Give the type of epithelium of pharynx.

A

Non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

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10
Q

Give the type of epithelium of mucosal layer of esophagus.

A

Non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

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11
Q

Give the type of epithelium of mucosal layer of stomach.

A

Simple columnar epithelium

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12
Q

Give the type of epithelium of mucosal layer of small intestine.

A

Simple columnar epithelium

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13
Q

Give the type of epithelium of mucosal layer of large intestine.

A

Simple columnar epithelium

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14
Q

Give the type of epithelium of anus.

A

Non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

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15
Q

Esophagus has presence of folds in its epithelium. True or False?

A

False

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16
Q

What is the structure/folds present in the mucosal lining of stomach?

A

Rugae

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17
Q

What is the structure/folds present in the mucosal lining of small intestine?

A
  1. Plicae circulares
  2. Villi
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18
Q

What is the structure/folds present in the mucosal lining of large intestine?

A
  1. Haustra
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19
Q

What is the structure/folds present in the mucosal surface of esophagus?

A

None

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20
Q

What is the structure/folds present in the mucosal surface of stomach?

A

Gastric pits

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21
Q

What is the structure/folds present in the mucosal surface of small intestine?

A
  1. Crypts of Lieberkuhn
  2. Microvilli
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22
Q

What is the structure/folds present in the mucosal surface of large intestine?

A

Intestinal glands

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23
Q

What are the specialized structures present in the submucosa of esophagus?

A

Submucosal mucous glands

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24
Q

What are the specialized structures present in the submucosa of stomach?

A

None

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25
What are the specialized structures present in the submucosa of duodenum?
Brunner's glands
26
What are the specialized structures present in the submucosa of ileum?
Peyer's Patches
27
What are the specialized structures present in the submucosa of large intestine?
None
28
How many smooth muscle layers are present in the muscular layer of esophagus? What is the smooth muscle's conformation?
2, circular and longitudinal
29
How many smooth muscle layers are present in the muscular layer of stomach? What is the smooth muscle's conformation?
3, oblique, circular, and longitudinal
30
How many smooth muscle layers are present in the muscular layer of small intestine? What is the smooth muscle's conformation?
2, circular and longitudinal
31
How many smooth muscle layers are present in the muscular layer of large intestine? What is the smooth muscle's conformation?
2, circular and longitudinal
32
Among the parts of the digestive system, which has visceral peritoneum as their serosa layer?
1. Stomach 2. Small intestine 3. Large intestine
33
Among the parts of the digestive system, which has adventitia as their serosa layer?
1. Esophagus 2. Anus
34
Why does the esophagus has adventitia instead of serosa?
Esophagus is not in a cavity.
35
Meissner's plexus is present in what organ and what layer?
Esophagus; submucosa
36
In the muscularis externa of esophagus, the upper one third has what fibers?
Skeletal fibers
37
In the muscularis externa of esophagus, the middle one third has what fibers?
Skeletal and smooth fibers (Mixed)
38
In the muscularis externa of esophagus, the lower one third have what fiber?
Smooth fibers
39
Give the type of connective tissue of adventitia layer of esophagus.
Loose areolar connective tissue
40
Stomach is divided into three histological regions on the basis of ?
Nature of glands
41
What are the three regions of stomach?
1. Cardiac 2. Fundic (fundus & body) 3. Pyloric
42
Mucous secreting cardiac glands are present in what layer of stomach? Give also the specific sublayer of your answer. (2 answers)
Mucosa; lamina propria
43
Give the type of epithelium of serosa layer of stomach.
Simple squamous epithelium
44
Give the cells of fundic region of stomach.
1. Mucous neck cells 2. Parietal (oxyntic) cells 3. Chief (peptic/zymogen cells) 4. Enteroendocrine cells 5. Undifferentiated cells
45
What is the conformation of inner muscularis externa of stomach? the middle? the outer?
oblique; circular; longitudinal
46
Deeper gastric pits are present in what region of stomach?
Pyloric region
47
The inner circular layer of muscularis externa of pyloric region of stomach is thickened to form ?
Pyloric sphincter
48
What are the characteristic features of mucosal layer of small intestine ?
1. Plicae circularis (valves of Kerkring) 2. Villi & Microvilli 3. Goblet cells (few) 4. Crypts of Liberkuhn (intestinal glands) 5. Glands are lined by columnar cells, goblet cells, paneth cells, & enteroendocrine cells
49
In jejunum, villi are in what shape?
Tongue-shaped
50
All regions of small intestine have Brunner's glands. True or False?
False, only duodenum
51
Peyer's Patches is present in what layer of ileum? Give the specific sublayer of your answer. (2 answers)
Mucosa; lamina propria
52
Describe the villi in the ileum.
Short and finger-like
53
In the mucosal layer of large intestine, there are Plicae circulares and villi. True or False?
False
54
Give the 3 specialized structures of mucosal layer of large intestine.
1. Microvilli 2. Crypts of Lieberkuhn 3. Goblet cells
55
Between inner circular layer and outer longitudinal layer of muscularis externa of large intestine, which forms Taena coli?
Outer longitudinal layer
56
The inner circular layer of muscularis externa of large intestine is thicker compared to small intestine. True or False?
False, thinner
57
In adventitia layer of large intestine, peritoneum forms pouch like processes filled with fat. This is called ?
Appendices epiploicae
58
This is a small blind-ending diverticulum.
Vermiform appendix
59
Intestinal villi are usually present in vermiform appendix. True or False?
False, absent.
60
Crypts are poorly formed in vermiform appendix. True or False?
True
61
In vermiform appendix, muscularis externa is thick. True or False?
False, thin.
62
Is there taenia coli in vermiform appendix?
None
63
Is there taenia coli in rectum?
None
64
Are there appendices epiploicae in rectum?
None
65
A continuous coat of longitudinal muscle is present in rectum. True or False?
True
66
Describe the intestinal glands in rectum.
Straight, like test tubes.
67
The upper part of anal canal has what kind of epithelium ?
Simple columnar epithelium
68
The middle part of anal canal has what kind of epithelium ?
Non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
69
The lower part of anal canal is covered by what ?
True skin
70
In the mucosal layer of anal canal, there are longitudinal folds called ?
Anal columns
71
In the mucosal layer of anal, there are small folds between anal columns called ?
Pectinate line
72
In mucosal layer of anal canal, crypts disappear below this line. What is the line?
Pectinate line
73
Muscularis externa-circular muscle forms involuntary ____ ____ ____.
Internal anal sphincter

HISTOLOGY LEC (20 decks)

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