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HISTOLOGY LEC > TOPIC 13A - PANCREAS > Flashcards

TOPIC 13A - PANCREAS Flashcards

1
Q

What are the basic functions of pancreas ?

A

Makes digestive enzymes and secretes them into duodenum.

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2
Q

What is the portion of pancreas that secretes hormones that regulates blood sugar?

A

Endocrine portion

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3
Q

What is the portion of pancreas that secretes digestive juice containing enzymes that help break down carbohydrates, lipids, and protein?

A

Exocrine portion

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4
Q

What are the 3 main parts of pancreas ?

A
  1. Capsule
  2. Septa
  3. Lobules
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5
Q

The endocrine portion of pancreas consists of ?

A

Islet of Langerhans

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6
Q

Exocrine pancreas are consists of ___ ___ with no mucous cells.

A

Serous acini

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7
Q

Drainage of exocrine portion of pancreas is by series of ducts. What are the series of ducts?

A

Intercalated - Intralobular - Interlobular - Big excretory duct

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8
Q

What is the main secretion of pancreatic acinar cells ?

A

Trypsinogen

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9
Q

Trypsinogen is broken down by ____ ____ into trypsin.

A

Intestinal enzymse

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10
Q

What is the purpose of trypsin?

A
  1. Digests protein
  2. Activates other enzymes
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11
Q

What is the other term for precursor form of secretions of pancreatic acinar cells?

A

Zymogen form

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12
Q

What are the other secretions of pancreatic acinar cells? Give their purpose too.

A
  1. Lipase - breaks down fat
  2. Amylase - breaks down carbohydrates
  3. Nucleases - break down nuceloproteins
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13
Q

What are the hormones that make the pancreas secrete enzymes?

A
  1. Secretin
  2. Cholecystokinin
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14
Q

Secretin and cholecystokinin are released when ?

A

Acidic gastric contents enter duodenum.

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15
Q

Secretin stimulates pancreas to secrete ?

A

Bicarbonate

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16
Q

What is the function of bicarbonate secreted by pancreas ?

A

Neutralize stomach acid so enzymes can function properly.

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17
Q

What hormone stimulates pancreas to release zymogens?

A

Cholecystokinin (CKK)

18
Q

Cholecystokinin also stimulates gallbladder to release ?

A

Bile salts

19
Q

What is the function of bile salts?

A

Emulsify fats so they can be broken down by lipase.

20
Q

What is the shape of accini in compound accinar gland of exocrine portion of pancreas?

A

Pear-shaped

21
Q

In one accini, how many pyramidal cells are present?

A

5-8

22
Q

What fibers support accini?

A

Reticular fibers

23
Q

Inter-lobular connective tissue c of pancreas contains?

A
  1. Blood vessels
  2. Nerves
  3. Lymphatic
24
Q

The cells in accini have ____ basal nucleus.

A

Spherical

25
Q

The basal cytoplasm of acinar cells are acidophilic or basophilic?

A

Basophilic

26
Q

There are striated ducts present in exocrine portion of pancreas. True or False?

A

False

27
Q

The large intralobular ducts of exocrine portion of pancreas has what type of epithelium?

A

High cuboidal epithelium

28
Q

The interlobular ducts of exocrine portion of pancreas has what type of epithelium?

A

Columnar epithelium

29
Q

There are about ____ islets of Langerhans in endocrine portion of pancreas.

A

> 1 million islets

30
Q

Islets are abundant in what part of pancreas ?

A

Tail

31
Q

What is the diameter of each islet of Langerhans?

A

100 - 200 um

32
Q

What type of fibers surround each islet?

A

Reticular fibers

33
Q

What is the type of capillaries present between cords of islet ?

A

Fenestrated capillaries

34
Q

Cells in the islet of Langerhans are dark-stained. True or False?

A

False

35
Q

What are the cells of islets and their secretions?

A
  1. A cells - Glucagon (periphery)
  2. B cells - Insulin (center)
  3. D cells - Somatostatin (scattered)
  4. F cells - Pancreatic polypeptide
  5. Enterochromaffin cells - motilin, secretin, substance-P
36
Q

The blood supply in pancreas is poor. True or False?

A

False, rich.

37
Q

Major blood vessel run in intralobular connective tissue. True or False?

A

False, interlobular.

38
Q

Blood from islets pass to supply ____ tissue.

A

exocrine

39
Q

Hormones affect acinar function. True or False?

A

True

40
Q

Blood first supplies the peripheral cells or center cells?

A

Peripheral cells

HISTOLOGY LEC (20 decks)

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