TOPIC 13A - PANCREAS Flashcards
What are the basic functions of pancreas ?
Makes digestive enzymes and secretes them into duodenum.
What is the portion of pancreas that secretes hormones that regulates blood sugar?
Endocrine portion
What is the portion of pancreas that secretes digestive juice containing enzymes that help break down carbohydrates, lipids, and protein?
Exocrine portion
What are the 3 main parts of pancreas ?
- Capsule
- Septa
- Lobules
The endocrine portion of pancreas consists of ?
Islet of Langerhans
Exocrine pancreas are consists of ___ ___ with no mucous cells.
Serous acini
Drainage of exocrine portion of pancreas is by series of ducts. What are the series of ducts?
Intercalated - Intralobular - Interlobular - Big excretory duct
What is the main secretion of pancreatic acinar cells ?
Trypsinogen
Trypsinogen is broken down by ____ ____ into trypsin.
Intestinal enzymse
What is the purpose of trypsin?
- Digests protein
- Activates other enzymes
What is the other term for precursor form of secretions of pancreatic acinar cells?
Zymogen form
What are the other secretions of pancreatic acinar cells? Give their purpose too.
- Lipase - breaks down fat
- Amylase - breaks down carbohydrates
- Nucleases - break down nuceloproteins
What are the hormones that make the pancreas secrete enzymes?
- Secretin
- Cholecystokinin
Secretin and cholecystokinin are released when ?
Acidic gastric contents enter duodenum.
Secretin stimulates pancreas to secrete ?
Bicarbonate
What is the function of bicarbonate secreted by pancreas ?
Neutralize stomach acid so enzymes can function properly.
What hormone stimulates pancreas to release zymogens?
Cholecystokinin (CKK)
Cholecystokinin also stimulates gallbladder to release ?
Bile salts
What is the function of bile salts?
Emulsify fats so they can be broken down by lipase.
What is the shape of accini in compound accinar gland of exocrine portion of pancreas?
Pear-shaped
In one accini, how many pyramidal cells are present?
5-8
What fibers support accini?
Reticular fibers
Inter-lobular connective tissue c of pancreas contains?
- Blood vessels
- Nerves
- Lymphatic
The cells in accini have ____ basal nucleus.
Spherical
The basal cytoplasm of acinar cells are acidophilic or basophilic?
Basophilic
There are striated ducts present in exocrine portion of pancreas. True or False?
False
The large intralobular ducts of exocrine portion of pancreas has what type of epithelium?
High cuboidal epithelium
The interlobular ducts of exocrine portion of pancreas has what type of epithelium?
Columnar epithelium
There are about ____ islets of Langerhans in endocrine portion of pancreas.
> 1 million islets
Islets are abundant in what part of pancreas ?
Tail
What is the diameter of each islet of Langerhans?
100 - 200 um
What type of fibers surround each islet?
Reticular fibers
What is the type of capillaries present between cords of islet ?
Fenestrated capillaries
Cells in the islet of Langerhans are dark-stained. True or False?
False
What are the cells of islets and their secretions?
- A cells - Glucagon (periphery)
- B cells - Insulin (center)
- D cells - Somatostatin (scattered)
- F cells - Pancreatic polypeptide
- Enterochromaffin cells - motilin, secretin, substance-P
The blood supply in pancreas is poor. True or False?
False, rich.
Major blood vessel run in intralobular connective tissue. True or False?
False, interlobular.
Blood from islets pass to supply ____ tissue.
exocrine
Hormones affect acinar function. True or False?
True
Blood first supplies the peripheral cells or center cells?
Peripheral cells
