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Primary > Toddler and Preschool Health > Flashcards

Toddler and Preschool Health Flashcards

1
Q

The toddler is between the age of what?

A

1 to 3 years of age

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2
Q

The preschool is between the age of what?

A

4 to 5 years of age

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3
Q

Cognitive: Preoperational

a) Two to four years of age this is known as _________
b) Four to seven years of age this is known as ________

A

a) Pre conceptual

b) Intuitive

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4
Q

Psychosocial: Toddler is seeking _____

A

Autonomy

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5
Q

Psychosocial: Preschooler is seeking _______

A

Initiative

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6
Q

Physical examination: Anthropometrics
Toddler: Examination will consist of what?
a) Length
b) ______
c) weight
d) head circumference percentage (up to 2 years old)

A

b) height

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7
Q

Physical examination: Anthropometrics
Preschooler: Examination will consist of what?
a) Height
b) ______
c) blood pressure (starting at 3 years old, then each year)

A

weight

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8
Q

TB screening in well-child checks is ___ universally done.

A

not

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9
Q

Developmental Screening [ Denver development screening test, Second edition] For children less than ___ Years of age.

A

6

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10
Q

Laboratory tests for toddler:
1) Hemoglobin at two years (Or wants between one and
____ Years unless otherwise indicated)
2) _____ Screening by two years as appropriate based on
will child surveillance of risk

A

1) Five

2) Lead

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11
Q

Laboratory tests for a preschooler:

1) Purified protein derivative (PPD) Test For _______ between four and six years of age
2) ________ ScreeningAround two years; Test if Indicated( Family history, DyslipidemiaOr premature cardiovascular disease)

A

1) Tuberculosis

2) Cholesterol

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12
Q

Schedule toddler annual visits at?

A

12, 15, 18, 24, 30, and 36 months

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13
Q

Schedule preschool Annual visit at?

A

Three, four, and five year

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14
Q

Stages specified: Toddler

a) Strive for _______
b) Tantrums are common
c) Major fears emerge
d) Allow the child to touch equipment
e) Give choices when possible
f) Continue Progression of non-invasive to invasive exam

A

a) autonomy

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15
Q

The length Of a child ___ Visit To Two years, Then annually

A

Each

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16
Q

The weight of a child ____ visit two years then annually

A

each

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17
Q

Physical examination of the child includes what?
a) _______
b) Weight
c) BMI
D) Head conference is measured on each visit to two years of age
E) Serial measurements recorded With standardize charts
F) Dental development continues
G) Vital signs
H) Interior fontanelle closes
I) Testing had a par equal to age 1:

A

a) length

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18
Q

Head circumference is measured on each visit to ___ years of age

A

2 years

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19
Q

___ Months for primary teeth development

A

Six months

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20
Q

____ Years for permanent teeth development

A

Six years

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21
Q

Anterior fontanel closed by ____ Months

A

18 months

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22
Q

Chest and head are equal two age 1; Chest eventually grows ____ cm greater Has by end of this.

A

5 cm

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23
Q

An eye examination should be considered if:

a) Excessive _______
b) Difficulty picking up small objects
c) Head tilting
d) Strabismus

A

a) Squinting

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24
Q

_____ ______ may red due to crying

A

Tympanic membrane

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25
Q

Assess for ____ Masses; Swollen or Shotty nodes Maybe Acceptable post-infection

A

Neck

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26
Q

Mouth breathers and toddlers may indicate what?

A

Allergic rhinitis

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27
Q

Assist for ____ edema in toddlers Mouth?

A

periorbital

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28
Q

Assess fissures at lip corners and children to indicate _____ Deficiency

A

vitamin

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29
Q

_____ Quality: Consider an large adenoids

A

Nasal

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30
Q

_____ voice can be from multiple causes

A

Raspy

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31
Q

Point of maximum impact near the ____ Intercostal space Midclavicular line

A

fourth

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32
Q

Liver edge to be palpable at ____ cm Below the right coastal margin

A

1 -2 cm

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33
Q

This is a condition in which the foreskin this tightly stretched around the head of the penis and cannot be pull back freely

A

Phimosis

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34
Q

_____ ____ (bowed legs) Normal Variant in Toddlerhood

A

Genu Varum

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35
Q

__ ____ ( Knock- knees) Normal variant in preschoolers

A

Genu Valgum

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36
Q

Turned in foot:

a) Femoral ________: in toeing, normal until Adolescent

A

anteversion

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37
Q

_____ Torsion: Self Resolves by age 4

A

Tibial

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38
Q

One to ___ cm enlargement may be normal variant in the inguinal or cervical region.

A

two

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39
Q

________ nodes require aggressive investigation

A

Supraclavicular

40
Q 
Gross motor:
At age \_\_\_ years
a) up and down steps
b) Kicks ball without falling
c) runs with a wide gait
A

2 years

41
Q

Gross motor:
At age ___ years
a) Hops a ___ years
b) Rides a tricycle

A

3 years

a) 3.5 years

42
Q

Gross motor:
At ____ years
a) Up and downstairs with alternating feet
b) Rides bicycle with training wheels

A

4 years

43
Q 
Gross motor: 
At \_\_\_\_ years
a) skips
b) jumps rope
c) plays ball
A

5 years

44
Q

Fine motor skills:
At ____ years
a) Tower of 8 cubes
b) Turns a doorknob

A

2 years

45
Q

Fine motor skills:
At ___ years
a) Copies a circle
b) Builds a tower

A

3 years

46
Q

Fine motor skills:
At ___ years
a) Draws a person with 4 to 6 parts
b) Tower of 10 blocks

A

4 years

47
Q 
Fine motor skills:
At \_\_\_\_ years
a) copies a square
b) copies multiple shapes
c) prints letters
d) ties shoes
A

5 years

48
Q

Piaget’s preoperational thinking stages:

Preconceptional occurs at age _____ years

A

2 to 4 years

49
Q

Piaget’s preoperational thinking stages:

Intuitive begins at age ____ years

A

4 to 7 years

50
Q

________ occurs and focus is on one thing at a time

A

Concentration

51
Q

The tendency of children to cognize their environment only in terms of their own point of view

A

Egocentrism

52
Q

_____ begins, projecting the ability to think/feel like the child, inanimate objects are capable of feeling/thinking

A

Animism

53
Q

Visual acuity to 20/30 by ____ years

A

5 years

54
Q

Oriented to sound and language development begins at ___ years

A

2 years

55
Q

_______ years, play audiometry

A

2 to 3 years

56
Q

Over ____ years should experience pure tone audiometry

A

3 years

57
Q 
Language development:
By age \_\_\_\_\_
a) up to 50-word vocabulary 
b) Can follow tow step commands 
c) talks constantly
A

2 years

58
Q

Language development:
By age ___:
a) up to a 900-word vocabulary

A

3 years

59
Q

Language development:
By age ___:
Can understand phrases and simple analogies

A

4 years

60
Q 
Language development:
By age \_\_\_:
a) vocabulary > 2000 words
b) use sentences regularly
c) knows at least 4 colors
A

5 years

61
Q

Meaningful work usage in sentences:

a) Two words together by ___ years of age

A

2 years

62
Q

Meaningful work usage in sentences:

a) Three words together by ___ years of age

A

3 years

63
Q

Meaningful work usage in sentences:

Four words together by __ years of age

A

4 years

64
Q

Meaningful work usage in sentences:

Five words together by __ years of age

A

5 years

65
Q

Psychosocial Development:

a) autonomy vs shame and doubt
b) ___ of discipline
c) aggression and impulse control
d) play is a more psychosocial medium

A

Introduction

66
Q

Psychosocial development:
Play is a major psychosocial medium
a) Toddler: _____ and parallel play

A

Onlooker

67
Q

Psychosocial development:
Play is a major psychosocial medium
b) Preschoolers: Associative, ____, dramatic, physical play

A

Cooperative

68
Q

This is the Gold standard for the diagnosis of developmental delays in infants/toddlers to 42 months of age; separate mental, motor, and behavioral rating scales

A

Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, second edition (Bayley-111)

69
Q

Standardized testing:

a) Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler development
b) Ages and stages questionnaire (ASQ)
c) ______ II

A

c) Denver II

70
Q

Encourage use of utensils (introduce spoon between ___ months of age)

A

15 to 17 months of age

71
Q

First dental exam by age ___ year

A

1 year

72
Q

Sleep ___ hours per night with daily naps

A

10 to 12 hours

73
Q

Getting kids to bed:

Rituals and consistency at ______

A

bedtime

74
Q

Nightmares begin around age ___ years

A

3 years

75
Q

Night terrors typically occur between ___ year; most outgrow as they get older.

A

2 to 6 years

76
Q

Physiologic and psychological readiness begins between ___ years.

A

1.5 to 2.5 years

77
Q

Average daytime control is typically achieved by ___ years

A

2 years

78
Q

Nighttime control lags behind by ___ years compared to daytime control

A

1 year

79
Q

Do not start toilet training in times of ____?

A

stress

80
Q

Do not punish; ___ reward all good efforts

A

reward

81
Q

At ___ years

a) Is not imitating sounds
b) Is not pulling to standing
c) Is not indicating desires by point/gesture

A

1 year

82
Q

At ____ months:

a) Does not make eye contact
b) Does not feed self with spoon

A

18 months

83
Q

At ___ years:

a) Is not walking upstairs
b) Is not using 2 to 3 word phrases
c) Is not noticing cars, animals
d) Is initiating self-stimulation behaviors

A

2 years

84
Q

At ____ years:

a) Is not aware of the external environment
b) Cannot ride a tricycle
c) Does not follow simple direction
d) Continues baby talk
e) Does not imitate adult activities

A

3 years

85
Q

At ___ years:

a) does not listen to a story
b) does not speak in sentences
c) Engages in head banging or rocking
d) Is not toilet trained
e) Does not draw a human figure

A

4 years

86
Q

At ___ years:

a) Magical thinking is still a dominant presence
b) There is no impulse control

A

5 years

87
Q

Abnormal speech patterns characterized by repetitions and pause ins speech

A

Stuttering

88
Q

a) Cause of this is debatable but generally believed to be developmental dysfluency
b) Occurs in up to 10% of children; more common among males
c) Maybe familial
d) Last for several weeks to 6 months bur often resolves without intervention (50% spontaneous recovery)

A

Stuttering

89
Q

_______ is common in hearing impairment and visual impairment

A

Stuttering

90
Q

Diagnostic Studes for stuttering include?

A

none

91
Q

Management of _______ include?

a) Ignore inital presentation
b) Encourage parents to be patient
c) Refer if:
1) Last > 6 months
2) Child > 6 years
3) Child avoids speaking

A

stuttering

92
Q

According to the firth edition of the Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, a collection of disorders known as _______ characterized by the altered response to environmental stimuli and impaired social interactions

A

Autism spectrum disorder

93
Q

Symptom Domains:

a) Impaired social communication and social interaction
b) Restricted, repetitive behavior, interest, or activities

A

Autism spectrum disorder

94
Q

Diagnostic Criteria

a) Continuous impairment in interaction and communication that are reciprocal and social in nature
b) Patterns of activities, interests, and behaviors that are restrictive and repetitive
c) Symptoms that are persistent from early childhood
d) Symptoms that interfere with everyday functioning

A

Autism spectrum disorder

95
Q

Classification of this ________:

a) Must impede functioning especially in school and occupational areas
b) social communication deficits must be unrelated to the level of individual development

A

Autism spectrum disorder

Primary (44 decks)

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