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Primary > Adolescent Health Issues > Flashcards

Adolescent Health Issues Flashcards

1
Q

Adolescence: ____ through 20 years of age

A

12

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2
Q

Adolescence is a bridge from school age to ______

A

adulthood

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3
Q

_____ adolescence is 12 to 14 years?

A

Early

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4
Q

______ adolescence is 15 to 17 years?

A

Middle

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5
Q

____ adolescence is 18 to 20 years?

A

Late

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6
Q

The physical finding of adolescence:

a) This is a rapid change in the _____, skeletal, muscular, and cardiovascular systems
b) Secondary sexual characteristic development
c) Peak height velocity (PHV)- growth spurt

A

reproductive

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7
Q

The cognitive aspect of adolescence:

a) Sense of _______
b) Narcissism

A

identify

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8
Q

Well, Child Check (WCC) is composed of several components:

a) elimination (laxatives, diuretics)
b) developmental
c) Risk factors/ behaviors
d) _____ activities and reproductive issues: gender issues
e) Concerns and worries: current and recent stressors
f) Specific questions to ask when alone with parents

A

Sexual

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9
Q

Development of WCC include:

a) Mental/ emotional health
b) _____ performance and attendance; friends and relationships
c) Family functioning
d) hobbies and activities
e) work
f) stress, anger management, and coping skills
g) Injury to self or others

A

School

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10
Q

Adolescent Health of specific questions to ask when alone with parents:

a) Family _________ patterns and relationship
b) description of adolescent’s strong and weak points, attitudes, and behavior
c) discipline practices and response
d) specific concerns and worries about the adolescent

A

communication

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11
Q

Adolescent Health Objective date Physical examination:
Observation of the parent/adolescent interactions
1) Is the parent supportive of the adolescent?
2) Does the parent allow the adolescent to ____ questions?

A

answer

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12
Q

Physical examination includes:

1) Observe the parent/adolescent interactions
2) _______ ____ ____ (BMI)
3) Assessment for scoliosis
4) Tanner staging
5) Observe for STIs
6) Pelvic exam
7) Breast self exam (BSE)
8) Testicular self-exam (TSE)

A

Body Mass Index

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13
Q

Adolescence look for scoliosis (( until ___ years after PHV (Peak height velocity))

A

2

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14
Q

Ankylosis _____ symptoms often appear in early adulthood, caused by reduced flexibility of the spine and hunched forward curvature

A

Spondylitis

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15
Q

In adolescents with pelvic exams if sexually active you will see what?

A

irregular menses

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16
Q

What laboratory get from adolescents?

1) ______ as needed
2) Syphilis test (______), gonorrhea test (GC), chlamydia, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) if sexually active or history of sexual abuse

A

1) Hematocrit

2) VDRL ( Venereal disease research laboratory)

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17
Q

Pap smear if a pelvic exam is performed, begin at age ____

A

21

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18
Q

_______ function test if history of drug usage

A

Liver

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19
Q

_____ if indicated (family history dyslipidemia or premature cardiac disease (biological parents and or grandparents with cardiac event ( such as an MI) Prior to the age of ___ years

A

Cholesterol

55 years

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20
Q

Immunization with adolescents (completion of vaccine series):

a) Meningococcal vaccine
b) ______
c) Human Papillomavirus (HPV)

A

Tdap

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21
Q

Dental assessment and cleaning in adolescent every ____ months

A

6

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22
Q

The interview of the adolescent may use ____ and visuals

A

diagrams

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23
Q

May need to structure part of the _____ alone

A

interview

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24
Q

May not want to ____ in front of parent

A

talk

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25
Q

Encourage teenager for expression of ____ and concerns

A

feelings

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26
Q

Interview the adolescent while _____ clothed

A

fully

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27
Q

Maximize the interview:

a) adolescent is ________ seeking
b) Maybe rebellious
c) is often _______
d) is refining sex role and sexuality
e) trying to be independent

A

a) identity

c) inflexible

28
Q

General Strategy for adolescent interview

a) ______
b) PACES
c) SAFETEENS
d) CRAFFT

A

a) HEADSS

29
Q

HEADSS format

a) ________ environment
b) Emplyment and education
c) Activities
d) Drugs
e) Social
f) Sexuality

A

Home

30
Q

PACES format

a) Parents, peers
b) _____________
c) Cigarettes
d) Emotional issues
e) School; sexuality

A

b) Accident, alcohol/drugs

31
Q

SAFETEENS format

a) Sexuality
b) Accident, abuse
c) firearms, homicide
d) ________ (suicide/ depression)
e) Toxins (tobacco/alcohol, others)
f) environment ( school, home, friends)
g) exercise
h) nutrition
i) shots ( immunization status and school performance)

A

d) emotions

32
Q

CRAFFT screening tool

a) Have you ever ridden in a ____ driven by someone (including yourself) using alcohol/drugs?
b) Do you ever use alcohol/drug to Relax, feel better, or fit in?
c) Do you ever use alcohol/drugs while you are Alone
d) Do you ever Forget things you did while using alcohol/drugs?
e) Do family or ** Friends** ever tell you that you should cut down on alcohol/drug use?
f) Have you gotten into Trouble while using alcohol /drugs?

A

a) Car

33
Q

_______ in males may be caused by marijuana intake, anabolic steroids, alcohol, antidepressants, among others.

A

Gynecomastia

34
Q

Vision and hearing screen at each visit

a) Visual acuity: ______; may alter with hormone surging

A

20/20

35
Q

____ ___ each adolescent visit

A

Vital signs

36
Q

Physical exam proceeds from ____ to ____

A

head to foot

37
Q

___ ____ ____ (SMR) is obtained by taking the average from both Tanner stage rates (genital/breast + public hair development)

A

Sexual maturity rating

38
Q

Secondary characteristics of a boy:

1) ______
2) Enlargement of scrotum and testes: scrotum roughens and reddens
3) Penis elongates
4) Penis enlarges in breadth and development of glans; rugae appear

A

Preadolescent testes, scrotum, penis

39
Q

Breast Development in Girls:

1) Preadolescent breast
2) Breast buds with areolar _______
3) Breast enlargement with separate nipple contour
4) Areola and nipple project as a secondary mound
5) Alt breast: Areola recedes, nipple retracts

A

2) enlargement

40
Q

Pubic Hair: For Males in females

1) Preadolescent
2) _____, pale, fine
3) Darker, increased amount, curlier
4) Adult in character but not as voluminous
5) Adult pattern

A

2) Sparse

41
Q

____ reached: associated with Tanner staging

A

PHV

42
Q

Progresses from “long and ___” to adult appearance (musculoskeletal development)

A

gangly

43
Q

Female menses” _____ between breast development stages 3 to 4; predominantly at sage 4

A

Menarche

44
Q

Males begin _____ emissions; spermarche occurs shortly after genial stage 3

A

nocturnal

45
Q

The onset of puberty before age ____ in girls and 9 in boys is precocious puberty

A

8

46
Q

Cognitive Development: Adolescent
1) Erikson’s identity vs. role confession stage
2) _______ abstract thinking stage
a) Cognitive ability progresses to adulthood
b) Younger adolescent daydreams; trouble staying
focused
3) As Adolescence progresses, becomes creative
4) Enjoys intellectual challenge
5) Use humor and formal thought

A

Piaget’s

47
Q

Psychosocial development _____ ______: Adolescent

a) conforms to peer groups
b) characterized by parent/child conflict
c) expressed anger

A

Younger adolescence

48
Q

Psychosocial development _____ _____: Adolescent

a) Less emotionally labile
b) continues to develop independence
c) re-established rapport with parents
d) more interested in the opposite sex
e) a better sense of self-esteem, confidence

A

Older adolescence

49
Q

_______ guidance with adolescent partners remain as the primary influence.

A

Anticipatory

50
Q

Discipline: Adolescent

a) _______ is essential; allow some flexibility on less important issues
b) Adults must be role models

A

Negotiation

51
Q

Developmental Discussion/Guidance in adolescent

a) Parents remain as the primary influence
b) Discipline
c) _______ honesty
d) respect need for privacy
e) Be aware of television programming and internet activity
f) Expect histrionics in young adolescents

A

Reinforce

52
Q

Nutrition/ feeding in adolescence:

a) nutritional requirements are _____ than adults
b) minimize “ junk food”
c) encourage regular meals
d) monitor ______ diets
e) discuss dieting

A

a) higher

d) vegetarian

53
Q

Dental Health: Adolescent

a) Brushing after ______ and before bed
b) dental cleaning every 6 months
c) Encourage flossing

A

meals

54
Q

Sexuality: Adolescent

a) Increased interest in the opposite sex
b) Established communication about sexually transmitted infections and HIV/AIDS
c) Prepare for body changes, ______, or nocturnal emissions
d) Give accurate information about sex, disease prevention, and pregnancy preventions
e) Gender identify issues

A

Menstruation

55
Q

Preventive Health issues:

a) Mental Health (____ ___ ___)
b) Gange activity

A

depression and suicide

56
Q

Developmental Warning sings: Adolescence

a) CHange in school performance, friendships, sleeping, or eating
b) Apparent ______ changes
c) Difficulty accepting failure
d) talk of suicide
e) withdrawal from friends or family

A

b) personality

57
Q

_____ ___ is characterized by eating disturbances, weight loss, and refusal to maintain body weight at 85% of expected weight for height; amenorrhea ensues

A

Anorexia Nervosa

58
Q

____ ___ is characterized by episodic binge and purge episodes

A

Bulimia nervosa

59
Q

Nervosa cause is not clearly defined but is believed to arise from familial issues, social pressure ____ self-esteem, and a desire for control

A

low

60
Q

Peak incidences are at age __ to 18 years for Nervosa?

A

14

61
Q

Overall, mortality is as high as ___% as a combination of suicide and consequential death with Nervosa

A

10%

62
Q

Signs and symptoms of Nervosa are:

a) weight loss
b) ______
c) amenorrhea
d) dry skin
e) constipation
f) low vital signs
g) lanugo
h) evidence of self- induced vomiting (tooth enamel erosion)
i) Changes in gums and erosions of tooth enamel
j) _____ sign: bruising knuckles
k) Nail discoloration

A

b) Anemia

J) Russell’s

63
Q

Differential Diagnosis for eating disorder in an adolescent:

a) Organic disease-producing weight loss
b) _______
c) depression
d) substance abuse

A

Pregnancy

64
Q

< 20% below ideal body weight

A

Mild malnutrition

65
Q

< 30 % below IBW

A

Severe malutrition

66
Q

<20 % to 30%, below IBW

A

Moderate malnutrition

67
Q

Management of eating disorder involves?

a) _______ management
b) Behavior modification
c) Psychotherapy
d) may need hospitalization

A

Interdisciplinary

Primary (44 decks)

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