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Primary > Issues in Aging > Flashcards

Issues in Aging Flashcards

1
Q
  1. An increasing number of older adults, defined as age 65 years or greater
    a. The “____ ____”: 65 to 74 years of age
A

Young Old

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2
Q
  1. An increasing number of older adults, defined as age 65 years or greater
    a. The “Young Old”: 65 to 74 years of age
    • i) The first wave of aging Baby Boomers reached full
    retirement age in ________.
A

2011

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3
Q
  1. An increasing number of older adults, defined as age 65 years or greater
    a. The “Young Old”: 65 to 74 years of age
    ii) For the next 20 years, ____ million Boomers will
    retire.
A

74

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4
Q
  1. Increasing number of older adults, defined as age 65 years or greater
    b. The “_____”: 75 to 84 years of age
A

Old

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5
Q
  1. Increasing number of older adults, defined as age 65 years or greater
    b. The “Old”: 75 to 84 years of age
    • i) During the next decade, increased life ______
    will strengthen the wave of aging Boomers and
    steadily increase their total number.
A

expectancy

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6
Q
  1. Increasing number of older adults, defined as age 65 years or greater
    c. The “____-_____”: 85+ years of age
A

Oldest-Old

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7
Q

c. The “Oldest-Old”: 85+ years of age
i) The fastest-growing segment of the total population is the oldest old, those 85 and over. Their growth rate is twice that of those 65 and over and almost ____times that for the total population, with the greatest increase in women.

A

4

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8
Q

In 2011, there were ___ million older adults (13% of the United States population) vs. 3.1 million older adults in 1900.

A

38

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9
Q

There is an increasing ethnic, racial, and cultural _____ in the older adult population.

A

diversity

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10
Q
  1. Elderly poverty levels: ____% of older adults live below the poverty line with:
A

15.9%

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11
Q
  1. Elderly poverty levels: 15.9% of older adults live below the poverty line with:
    a. ___% of African-American older adults
A

18%

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12
Q
  1. Elderly poverty levels: 15.9% of older adults live below the poverty line with:
    b. ___% of Hispanic-American older adults
A

18%

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13
Q
  1. Elderly poverty levels: 15.9% of older adults live below the poverty line with:
    c. ___% of Asian-American older adults
A

10.3%

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14
Q
  1. Elderly poverty levels: 15.9% of older adults live below the poverty line with:
    d. ____% of Caucasian-American older adults
A

6.8%

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15
Q

Caring for the Aging and Elderly:

  1. Age ______ complications.
A

increases

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16
Q

Caring for the Aging and Elderly:

  1. Life expectancy at birth in the United States is ____ years for females and 75.7 years for males.
A

80.8

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17
Q

Caring for the Aging and Elderly:

a. A decline in any organ system is usually due to _____, not “‘the aging process.”

A

disease

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18
Q

Caring for the Aging and Elderly:

b. Must recognize the difference between ____ aging vs. normal age related changes

A

abnormal

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19
Q

Caring for the Aging and Elderly:

  1. ___________ patients are at a greater risk of complications and atypical presentations.
A

Immunocompromised

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20
Q

Caring for the Aging and Elderly:

4.Reduced ability to maintain homeostasis increases in age, with the average onset beginning at age ____ and manifested in organs by age 50.

A

30

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21
Q

Key Organ Systems Most Vulnerable to Illness or Disease in the Elderly

  1. ___________
  2. Musculoskeletal
  3. Lower urinary tract
  4. CNS
A

Circulatory

22
Q
  1. The organ system usually associated with a particular symptom is less likely to be the source of that symptom in older adults than in younger adults.
    a. Drug side effects pronounced at ___ doses
    b. Many compensatory mechanisms are compromised
    concurrently.
A

low

23
Q

Predominant Presentations of Illness/Disease in the Elderly

  1. _______
  2. Dementia
  3. Falls
  4. Incontinence
  5. Functional decline
  6. Syncope
  7. The organ system usually associated with a particular symptom is less likely to be the source of that symptom in older adults thin in younger adults.
    a. Drug side effects pronounced at low doses
    b. Many compensatory mechanisms are compromised concurrently.
A

Delirium

24
Q

Critical gerontology functions for nurse practitioners

   a. Health promotion
   b. \_\_\_ \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_
   c. Disease prevention
   d. Facilitation of self- care
A

Health maintenance

25
Q

Top eight most common conditions in older adults

a. ___________
b. Hypertension
c. Heart disease
d. Respiratory disease
e. Diabetes mellitus
f. Cancer
g. Cerebrovascular disease
h. Atherosclerosis/Alzheimer’s disease

A

Parkinson’s

26
Q

Top ten most common reasons for older adults to be hospitalized

a. Heart disease
b. __________
c. Cerebrovascular disease
d. Pneumonia
e. Fractures
f. Bronchitis
g. Osteoarthritis
h. Diabetes mellitus
i. Disease of the nervous system or sense organs
j. Prostate hyperplasia

A

Cancer

27
Q

Top twelve most common causes of death among older adults

a. Heart disease
b. Cancer
c. Cerebrovascular disease
d. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
e. Pneumonia and influenza
f. Diabetes mellitus
g. ____________
h. Alzheimer’s disease
i. Septicemia
j. Atherosclerosis
k. Hypertension

A

Accidents

28
Q

Adjustment in Aging
1. Declining health/functional status
a. Difficulty with accepting ______ efficiency of the
body

A

declining

29
Q 
Adjustment in Aging 
2. Increased mortality awareness
a. Older adults become more aware of their own death.
b. Interest develops in:
•     i) Fulfilling own dreams
•    ii) Deepening religious convictions
•   iii) \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ family ties
•   iv) Leaving a legacy
A

Strengthening

30
Q

Adjustment in Aging
3. Income and employment issues
a. The economic profile of many elderly is poor. For
example, approximately __/__ live below the
poverty line.

A

1/6

31
Q

Adjustment in Aging
b. Retirement income is often much ____ than one’s
working salary, resulting in a major lifestyle
change.

A

less

32
Q

Adjustment in Aging
Lifestyle changes may include:
• i) Relocation to less expensive ________
• ii) Change in social practices
• iii) Change in diet
• iv) Lowering of independence

A

housing

33
Q

Adjustment in Aging
c. Social Security is the primary source of income for
many. In June 2012, the average Social Security
retirement benefit was $______/month, or about
$14,800/year.

A

1,267

34
Q

Adjustment in Aging

For 36% of elders, Social Security provides more than ____% of their income.

A

90%

35
Q

Adjustment in Aging

For ____% of elderly beneficiaries, Social Security is the sole source of retirement income.

A

24

36
Q

Adjustment in Aging
4. Retirement
a. One’s worth and identity are often associated with
_________.

A

productivity

37
Q

Adjustment in Aging
4. Retirement
b. Individuals defined by work ______ rather than
personal characteristics.

A

role

38
Q
  1. Family changes
    a. The family unit is traditionally viewed as a major source of _______ and is a key source of support by
    softening the multiple losses and changes in life.
    b. Adjustment to the independence of children
A

satisfaction

39
Q
  1. Family changes
    c. Limited extended family interaction in today’s society
    • Children are less “_______” for aging parents.
A

responsible

40
Q
  1. Family changes

d. Death of a spouse; affects more _____ than _____

A

women than men

41
Q
  1. Shrinking social world
    a. Loneliness and desolation
    b. Children are grown mad gone
    c. Loss of ____ and friends
A

spouse

42
Q
  1. Hearing and speech deficits present communication barriers. Danger signs that indicate an elderly person needs extra help and/or a change in living environment:
    a. Sudden ____ ____
    b. Bums or injury marks
    c. Peculiar behavior of any kind
    d. Failure to take medication or over-dosing
    e. Increased car accidents
    f. General forgetfulness
A

weight loss

43
Q
  1. If danger signals are apparent, all housing options should be discussed and analyzed.
    a. ____ ___ ____: The elderly person continues to live in his/her own place of residence, usually a community not designed as a retirement community, but one which contains amenities that assist the elder extensively, making aging in place easier.
A

Aging in place

44
Q

Retirement communities
a. Adult congregate communities
• i) Residents buy condominiums and pay a monthly fee
for grass mowing, leaf raking, and other services.
• ii) A medical center is on-site with 24/7 ____ service.

A

nursing

45
Q

Retirement communities
b. Assisted living communities
• i) Rental retirement communities for seniors who need
assistance with complex instrumental activities of daily
living (including cooking, shopping, money
_________, etc.)
• ii) Three meals per day, maid, and laundry service
• 24/7 registered nurse on call provided in the rental
agreement

A

management

46
Q

Retirment Communities:
c. Continuing care communities
• i) Provides a continuum of care, from 24/7 independent
living care to special nursing home care
ii) Individual must be _______ when he or she
enters the community •
iii) Expensive, requires monthly fees

A

independent

47
Q

d. Board and care
i) Similar to assisted living
ii) Single-family house which has been converted into a
residence for _____ and disabled residents

A

elderly

48
Q

e. Subsidized housing for the elderly
• i) Subsidized by the Department of Housing and Urban
Development for low income elderly in good health
• ii) 24/7 nursing care is ____ provided
• iii) Blood pressure and basic: checkups are available
every day by on-site nurses.

A

not

49
Q

Nursing facilities
a. ____ ____ _____
• i) 24-hour nursing for people with serious health care
needs but who do not require hospitalization (e.g.,
rehabilitating a broken hip, treating an infection with
IV antibiotics, managing behavioral problems due to
dementia, etc.) •
ii) Admission is prescribed by a physician

A

Skilled nursing facilities

50
Q

Nursing facilities
b. _____ ____ ______
•i) Less extensive health care alternative than skilled
nursing facilities •
ii) Mainly for people not able to live alone but who need
minimum medical assistance and help with
personal/social care

A

Intermediate care facilities

Primary (44 decks)

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