Thorax II (part 2)

Question 1

what is the coronary sulcus

Answer 1

is a groove that externally separates the atria and ventricles

Question 2

The anterior and posterior __________ sulci are grooves that externally separate the left and right ventricles

Answer 2

interventricular

Question 3

The sulci house the __________ vasculature

Answer 3

coronary

Question 4

The firbrous skeleton of the heart is composed of two fibrous rings encircling the __________ and _________ valves, two fibrous coronets encircling the ________ and ________ valves two _______ and membranous portions of the _________- septum, _______ septum, and ___________ septum

Answer 4

mitral and tricupsid, pulmonary and aortic valves, trigones, interatrial spetum, interventricular septum, atrioventricular septum

Question 5

The right auricle is located on the right _______

Answer 5

atrium

Question 6

the ________ auricle is a small flap like extension that uncreases capacity and overlaps the ascending aorta

Answer 6

right

Question 7

the right atrium recieves oxygen-______ blood from the superior and inferior ______ _____, coronary sinus, and anterior _______ veins

Answer 7

poor, vena cavae, cardiac

Question 8

the ____ _____ (posterior smooth wall) and _______ muscles (anterior wall) of the right atrium are seperated by the ______ __________

Answer 8

sinus venarum, pectinate, crista terminalis

Question 9

the interatrial septum in the right atrium has the _____ ______ (small oval depression that is the site of the closed foramen ovale during fetal development)

Answer 9

fossa ovalis

Question 10

the right atrium houses the ______ ______ (pacemaker)

Answer 10

sinoatrial node

Question 11

the right ventricle recieves oxygen-__________ blood from the right _______ through the right ____________ orifice that is gaurded by the tricuspid valve

Answer 11

poor, atrium, atrioventricular

Question 12

The walls of the right ventricle contain muscular ridges called the __________ _______ and _____ muscles that connect to valve cusps via chordae tendinea

Answer 12

trabeculae carnae, papillary

Question 13

what are the papillary muscles in the right ventricle?

Answer 13

anterior, posterior, septal

Question 14

What are the 3 valve cusps in the right ventricle

Answer 14

anterior, posterior, septal

Question 15

What is the function of the chordae tendinae

Answer 15

prevents cusps from prolapsing back into right atrium during ventricular systole

Question 16

the __________ septum (separating ventricles) has membranous and muscular portions

Answer 16

interventricular

Question 17

the septimarginal trabecula carries the right bundle branches of the ________ bundle of the conducting system to the anterior papillary muscle

Answer 17

, atrioventricular

Question 18

the supraventricular crest separates the muscular wall from the smooth _______ _______ that leads to the pulmonary orifice

Answer 18

, conus arteriosus

Question 19

Blood is ejected into the pulmonary trunk through the pulmonary _____ and pulmonary ________ valve

Answer 19

orifice, semilunar

Question 20

Each concaved semilunar cusp is separated from the pulmonary trunk by the ______ sinus

Answer 20

pulmonary

Question 21

the pulmonary valve is open during ventricular _________ and closed during ventricular ________

Answer 21

systole, diastole

Question 22

The _________ auricle is a small flap like extension that increases capacity and overlaps pulmonary trunk, contains pectinate muscle

Answer 22

left

Question 23

The left atrium receives oxygen-________ blood from the left superior and inferior and right superior and inferior pulmonary veins that enters on posterior wall

Answer 23

rich

Question 24

The left atrium is largely ________ walled and contains the floor of ____ ______, slightly thicker than the right atrium

Answer 24

smooth, fossa ovale

Question 25

The left ventricle is the ________ chamber of the heart

Answer 25

thickest

Question 26

left ventricle receives oxygen-_______ blood from the left atrium through the left ________ orifice that is guarded by mitral valve

Answer 26

rich, atrioventricular

Question 27

The walls of the left ventricle contain muscular ridges called _____ ______ and papillary muscles that connect to the valve cusps, via chordae tendinae

Answer 27

trabeculae carnae

Question 28

what are the papillary muscles in the left ventricle

Answer 28

anterior, posterior

Question 29

In the left ventricle, the smooth aortic vestibule leads to the __________ orifice

Answer 29

aortic

Question 30

In the left ventricle, the blood is ejected into the aorta through the ________ orifice and _______ semilunar valve

Answer 30

aortic, aortic

Question 31

In the left ventricle, each semilunar cusp (posterior, right, left) is separated from the aorta by an _________ sinus

Answer 31

aortic

Question 32

In the left ventricle the aortic valve is open during ventricular ______ and closed during ventricular ________-

Answer 32

systole, diastole

Question 33

The opening of the right coronary artery is in the __________ sinus, the opening of the left coronary artery is in the ________ sinus (closed valve fills coronary arteries)

Answer 33

right aortic, left aortic

Question 34

In the heart, the coronary arteries originate at the base of the _________ aorta

Answer 34

ascending

Question 35

The left coronary artery is short and divides into the anterior ___________ artery that supplies the right and left ventricles and the anterior portion of the -_____________ septum, and the __________ artery that supplies the left artium and left ventricle, and the left ________ artery that supplies the left ventricle

Answer 35

interventricular, interventricular, circumflex, marginal

Question 36

The right _______ artery supplies the right atrium and divides into the right _____ artery that supplies the right ventricle, and the posterior __________ artery that supplies the right and left _________ and the posterior portion of the interventricular spetum

Answer 36

marginal, interventricular, ventricles

Question 37

The anterior _______ veins return oxygen-________ blood from the right ventricle directly into the right __________ (can anastomose with small cardiac vein)q

Answer 37

cardiac, poor, atrium

Question 38

The great cardiac vein, middle cardiac vein, small cardiac vein, left posterior ventricular vein, left marginal vein, and oblique vein drain into the __________ sinus which returns oxygen-_______ blood from the rest of the heart to the right __________

Answer 38

coronary, poor, atrium

Question 39

What is atheroscelerosis?

Answer 39

plaque build up in an artery

Question 40

what is cardiac bypass/?

Answer 40

utilizing a vein from somewhere else to attach to coronary artery then just past the occulsion point to bypass the blockage

Question 41

T/F cardiac cells have their own intrinsic contraction rythm

Answer 41

T

Question 42

the _________ node sets the heart rate by conducting impulses to the atrial myocardium and to the _______ node

Answer 42

sinoatrial, atrioventricular

Question 43

Where is the sinoatrial node located?

Answer 43

in the wall of the right atrium adjacent to the superior vena cavaea

Question 44

where is the atrioventricular node located?

Answer 44

inferior region of interatrial septum near the opening of the coronary sinus

Question 45

The atrioventricular node conducts impulses via the atrioventricular bundle, right and left bundle branches, and the _____ fibers to papillary muscles and ventricular _________

Answer 45

purkinje, myocardia

Question 46

Where is the bundle of his located? what is it?

Answer 46

membranous portion of interventricular septum, the atrioventricular bundle

Question 47

Where are the left and right bundle branches located?

Answer 47

muscular portion of the interventricular septum

Question 48

The heart rate is set by the sinoatrial node but can be altered by the _________ fibers

Answer 48

autonomic

Question 49

The cardiac plexus is formed by _________sympathetic fibers from cervical and superior thoracic (T1-T5) ganglia of the _______ trunk and parasympathetic fibers from _________ branches of the vagus

Answer 49

postganglionic, sympathetic, cardiac

Question 50

_________ innervation increases heart rate and contraction strength by innervating the SA node, AV node, and myocardium

Answer 50

sympathetic

Question 51

_________ innervation decreases heart rate by innervating SA node and AV node

Answer 51

parasympathetic