Abdomen II (Colon, spleen, pancreas)

Question 1

The ________ represents the first part of the large intestine

Answer 1

cecum

Question 2

the _______ appendix is a blind diverticulum that is supported by the _______ and is typically found in the _________ position

Answer 2

vermiform
mesoappendix
retrocecal

Question 3

The ______ _________ may be involved in immune response or replenishing normal flora

Answer 3

vermiform appendix

Question 4

The ascending colon is _________ and the transverse colon is _________

Answer 4

retroperitoneal
intraperitoneal

Question 5

The transition from the ascending to transverse colon occurs at the _______ _______ _________

Answer 5

right colic flexure

Question 6

the distal end of the transverse colon is known as the ______ _______ _______

Answer 6

left colic flexure

Question 7

What artery supplies the cecum? Drains it?

Answer 7

ileocolic artery, ileocolic vein

Question 8

what supplies the ascending colon? drains it?

Answer 8

the right colic artery, right colic vein

Question 9

what supplies the proximal two thirds of the transverse colon? drains it?

Answer 9

marginal artery of the superior mesenteric artery, marginal vein of the superior mesenteric vein

Question 10

What supplies the distal one third of the transverse colon? what does this anastomose with?

Answer 10

marginal artery anastomoses with a branch from inferior mesenteric artery, marginal vein of the superior mesenteric vein

Question 11

What innervates the ascending and transverse colon? specify sympathetic and parasympathetic

Answer 11

vagal trunks (para)
greater and lesser splanchnic nerves (sympathetic)

Question 12

the descending colon is located ______peritoneal and the sigmoid colon is ______peritoneal

Answer 12

retro, intra

Question 13

what suspends the sigmoid colon?

Answer 13

the sigmoid mesocolon

Question 14

The upper one third of the rectum is ______peritoneal

Answer 14

retro

Question 15

What supplies the descending and sigmoid colon?

Answer 15

left colic artery (descending)
sigmoidal arteries (sigmoid)
superior rectal artery of the inferior mesenteric artery (both)

Question 16

What drains the descending and sigmoid colon?

Answer 16

left colic vein (descending)
sigmoidal veins (sigmoid)
superior rectal vein of the inferior mesenteric artery (both)

Question 17

The distal one third of the transverse colon marks a transition of __________ innervation

Answer 17

autonomic

Question 18

What innervates the descending and sigmoid colon? specify parasympathetic and sympathetic

Answer 18

lumbar splanchnic nerves (sympathetic)
pelvic splanchnic nerves (parasympathetic)

Question 19

The spleen is a lymphatic and ____________, _____peritoneal organ

Answer 19

hematopoietic, intra

Question 20

The _____ of the spleen allows passage of vasculature

Answer 20

hilum

Question 21

The spleen lies between the _________ ribs of the left upper abdominal quadrant, and rests on the ____ ______ flexure

Answer 21

9-11th
left colic

Question 22

The spleen is connected to the stomach via the _______ ligament and the left kidney via the _______ ligament, it is also often in contact with the _____ of the pancreas

Answer 22

gastrosplenic
splenorenal
tail

Question 23

What is the spleen supplied by? where does it divide into multiple branches?

Answer 23

splenic artery of the celiac trunk, branches at the hilum

Question 24

What drains the spleen?

Answer 24

splenic vein

Question 25

the splenic vein joins with the inferior mesenteric vein and superior mesenteric vein to form the ________ ________ vein

Answer 25

hepatic portal vein

Question 26

What innervates the spleen, specify sympathetic and parasympathetic

Answer 26

greater splanchnic nerves (sympathetic)
vagal trunks (parasympathetic

Question 27

The pancreas is ______peritoneal, and consists of 4 regions what are they?

Answer 27

retro
head, neck, body, tail

Question 28

What is the function of the islets of langerhans and alpha cells in the pancreas?

Answer 28

secreting glucagon to increase blood sugar

Question 29

what is the function of the beta cells in the pancreas?

Answer 29

secrete insulin to decrease blood sugar

Question 30

The endocrine portion of the pancreas is composed of what?

Answer 30

islets of langerhans
alpha cells
beta cells

Question 31

the exocrine portion of the pancreas is comprised of what?

Answer 31

acinar gland

Question 32

What does the acinar gland secrete? How are the secretions released into the duodenum?

Answer 32

bicarbonate solution and digestive enzymes
through the main and accessory pancreatic ducts

Question 33

the duodenum receives _____________ from the main pancreatic duct and ________ via the common bile duct

Answer 33

digestive enzymes, bile

Question 34

the common bile duct and the main pancreatic duct combine to form the _______________ and open into the duodenum via the major ________ after relaxation of the hepatopancreatic sphincter

Answer 34

hepatopancreatic ampulla
duodenal papilla

Question 35

What supplies the pancreas? drains it?

Answer 35

anterior/posterior pancreaticoduodenal arteries, greater pancreatic arteries
pancreatic veins of the splenic and superior mesenteric veins

Question 36

where do the anterior/posterior pancreaticoduodenal veins originate from?

Answer 36

the gastroduodenal artery of the common hepatic artery of the celiac trunk

Question 37

where dot he greater pancreatic arteries originate from

Answer 37

superior mesenteric artery

Question 38

what innervates the pancreas? specify sympathetic or parasympathetic

Answer 38

greater and lesser splanchnic nerves (sympathetic)
vagal trunks (parasympathetic)