Abdomen II (Colon, spleen, pancreas) Flashcards
The ________ represents the first part of the large intestine
cecum
the _______ appendix is a blind diverticulum that is supported by the _______ and is typically found in the _________ position
vermiform
mesoappendix
retrocecal
The ______ _________ may be involved in immune response or replenishing normal flora
vermiform appendix
The ascending colon is _________ and the transverse colon is _________
retroperitoneal
intraperitoneal
The transition from the ascending to transverse colon occurs at the _______ _______ _________
right colic flexure
the distal end of the transverse colon is known as the ______ _______ _______
left colic flexure
What artery supplies the cecum? Drains it?
ileocolic artery, ileocolic vein
what supplies the ascending colon? drains it?
the right colic artery, right colic vein
what supplies the proximal two thirds of the transverse colon? drains it?
marginal artery of the superior mesenteric artery, marginal vein of the superior mesenteric vein
What supplies the distal one third of the transverse colon? what does this anastomose with?
marginal artery anastomoses with a branch from inferior mesenteric artery, marginal vein of the superior mesenteric vein
What innervates the ascending and transverse colon? specify sympathetic and parasympathetic
vagal trunks (para)
greater and lesser splanchnic nerves (sympathetic)
the descending colon is located ______peritoneal and the sigmoid colon is ______peritoneal
retro, intra
what suspends the sigmoid colon?
the sigmoid mesocolon
The upper one third of the rectum is ______peritoneal
retro
What supplies the descending and sigmoid colon?
left colic artery (descending)
sigmoidal arteries (sigmoid)
superior rectal artery of the inferior mesenteric artery (both)
What drains the descending and sigmoid colon?
left colic vein (descending)
sigmoidal veins (sigmoid)
superior rectal vein of the inferior mesenteric artery (both)
The distal one third of the transverse colon marks a transition of __________ innervation
autonomic
What innervates the descending and sigmoid colon? specify parasympathetic and sympathetic
lumbar splanchnic nerves (sympathetic)
pelvic splanchnic nerves (parasympathetic)
The spleen is a lymphatic and ____________, _____peritoneal organ
hematopoietic, intra
The _____ of the spleen allows passage of vasculature
hilum
The spleen lies between the _________ ribs of the left upper abdominal quadrant, and rests on the ____ ______ flexure
9-11th
left colic
The spleen is connected to the stomach via the _______ ligament and the left kidney via the _______ ligament, it is also often in contact with the _____ of the pancreas
gastrosplenic
splenorenal
tail
What is the spleen supplied by? where does it divide into multiple branches?
splenic artery of the celiac trunk, branches at the hilum
What drains the spleen?
splenic vein
the splenic vein joins with the inferior mesenteric vein and superior mesenteric vein to form the ________ ________ vein
hepatic portal vein
What innervates the spleen, specify sympathetic and parasympathetic
greater splanchnic nerves (sympathetic)
vagal trunks (parasympathetic
The pancreas is ______peritoneal, and consists of 4 regions what are they?
retro
head, neck, body, tail
What is the function of the islets of langerhans and alpha cells in the pancreas?
secreting glucagon to increase blood sugar
what is the function of the beta cells in the pancreas?
secrete insulin to decrease blood sugar
The endocrine portion of the pancreas is composed of what?
islets of langerhans
alpha cells
beta cells
the exocrine portion of the pancreas is comprised of what?
acinar gland
What does the acinar gland secrete? How are the secretions released into the duodenum?
bicarbonate solution and digestive enzymes
through the main and accessory pancreatic ducts
the duodenum receives _____________ from the main pancreatic duct and ________ via the common bile duct
digestive enzymes, bile
the common bile duct and the main pancreatic duct combine to form the _______________ and open into the duodenum via the major ________ after relaxation of the hepatopancreatic sphincter
hepatopancreatic ampulla
duodenal papilla
What supplies the pancreas? drains it?
anterior/posterior pancreaticoduodenal arteries, greater pancreatic arteries
pancreatic veins of the splenic and superior mesenteric veins
where do the anterior/posterior pancreaticoduodenal veins originate from?
the gastroduodenal artery of the common hepatic artery of the celiac trunk
where dot he greater pancreatic arteries originate from
superior mesenteric artery
what innervates the pancreas? specify sympathetic or parasympathetic
greater and lesser splanchnic nerves (sympathetic)
vagal trunks (parasympathetic)
