Lower Limb 1 (part 2) Flashcards

1
Q

What is the iliotibial (IT) band?

A

lateral thickening of the tensor fascia which runs from ilium to the tibia

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2
Q

what is the function of the fascial intermuscular septa

A

project internally to attach to the bone and create rigid compartments of the leg and thigh

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3
Q

what are the rigid compartments of the thigh?

A

anterior, medial, posterior

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4
Q

what are the rigid compartments of the leg?

A

anterior, lateral, deep posterior, superficial posterior

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5
Q

what are the anterior thigh muscles?

A

iliopsoas, sartorius, pectineus, quadriceps femoris

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6
Q

what muscles from the quadriceps femoris?

A

rectus femoris, vastus (intermedius, medialis, lateralis)

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7
Q

what are the medial thigh muscles?

A

adductors (longus, magnus, brevis), gracilis, obturator externus

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8
Q

what forms the floor of the femoral triangle?

A

iliopsoas, pectineus

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9
Q

what forms the roof of the femoral triangle?

A

fascia lata

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10
Q

what forms the lateral, medial, and superior boundaries of the femoral triangle?

A

sartorius (lateral), adductor longus (medial), inguinal ligament (superior)

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11
Q

from lateral to medial, describe the contents of the femoral triangle?

A

femoral nerve, femoral artery, femoral vein, lymphatics

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12
Q

what is the femoral sheath? what does it contain?

A

funnel-like fascial covering, contains femoral artery, femoral vein, and lymphatics

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13
Q

what is the adductor canal?

A

intermuscular passageway for the femoral artery and vein as they travel towards the adductor hiatus

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14
Q

what do the femoral artery and vein become after passing through the adductor hiatus?

A

popliteal artery and vein

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15
Q

what are the boundaries of the adductor canal?

A

adductor longus and magnus (posteromedial), sartorius (anterior), vastus medialis (lateral)

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16
Q

what are the gluteal regional muscles?

A

gluteus muscles, tensor fascia latae, piriformis, obturator muscles, gemellus muscles, quadratus femoris muscles

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17
Q

what are gluteal bursae?

A

flattened membranous sacs containing a capillary layer that produces synovial fluid

18
Q

what is the fucntion of gluteal bursae

A

separates gluteal regional muscles from adjacent structures to reduce friction

19
Q

what are the posterior thigh muscles?

A

biceps femoirs, semitendinosus, semimembranosus

20
Q

what are the anterior and lateral leg muscles?

A

tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum longus, extensor hallucis longus, fibularis tertius, fibularis longus, fibularis brevis

21
Q

what are the extensor retinacula (superior and inferior)

A

thickenings of the crural fascia that bind down the extensor tendons

22
Q

what are the fibular retinacula (superior and inferior)

A

thickenings of the crural fascia that bind down the fibularis tendons as they pass posterior to the lateral malleolus

23
Q

what are the superficial posterior leg muscles?

A

gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris

24
Q

what comprises the triceps surae

A

gastrocnemius, soleus

25
what are the deep posterior leg muscles?
popliteus, tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis longus
26
what does the popliteal fossa contain?
popliteal artery and vein, tibial and common fibular nerves, lymphatic vessels, fat
27
what are the boundaries of the popliteal fossa?
biceps femoris and semitendinosus (superiorly) medial and lateral heads of the gastrocnemius (inferiorly) popliteus and posterior knee joint capsule (floor) skin and deep fascia (roof)
28
what is the tarsal tunnel
a passage found posterior to the medial malleolus
29
what forms the roof and floor of the tarsal tunnel?
flexor retinaculum (roof) calcaneus (floor)
30
in order, what does the tarsal tunnel contain?
tibialis posterior tendon, flexor digitorum longus tendon, posterior tibial artery and vein, tibial nerve, flexor hallucis longus tendon
31
what comprises layer 1 of the sole?
flexor digitorum brevis, abductor hallucis, abductor digiti minimi
32
what comprises layer 2 of the sole?
flexor accessorius
33
what innervates layer 1 of the sole
tibial nerve
34
what innervates layer 2 of the sole?
tibial nerve
35
what comprises layer 3 of the sole
flexor hallucis brevis, adductor hallucis, flexor digiti minimi brevis
36
what nerve innervates layer 3 of the sole
tibial nerve
37
what comprises layer 4 of the sole?
palmar interossei, dorsal interossei
38
what innervates the dorsum foot muscles
deep fibular nerve
39
hat nerve innervates layer 4 of the sole?
tibial nerve
40
what are the dorsum foot muscles?
extensor digitorum brevis, extensor hallucis brevis
41
what nerves innervate the foot?
tibial nerve, deep fibular nerve
42