Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Human Cadaver Anatomy > Thorax I > Flashcards

Thorax I Flashcards

1
Q

What is the thoracic wall?

A

the boundary of the thoracic cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is the function of the thoracic wall?

A

provides protection for heart and lungs, supports pectoral girdle, and upper limbs, assists in breathing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What does the oesteocartilaginous thoracic cage include?

A

the sternum
12 pairs of ribs
costal cartilages
12 thoracic vertebrae
intervertebral discs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the function of intercostal spaces? How many are there?

A

seperate adjacent ribs, 11 intercostal spaces, 1 subcostal space below 12th rib

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the superior thoracic aperture?

A

doorway between the thoracic cavity and the neck and upper limb

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the superior thoracic aperture formed by?

A

T1, 1st rib and costal cartilage, and border of the manubrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the function of the inferior thoracic aperature?

A

provides attachment for the diapraghm which protrudes upwards so that upper abdominal viscera recieve protection from throacic cage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the inferior thoracic aperature formed by?

A

T12, ribs 11-12, costal cartilage of ribs 7-10, and the xiphisternal joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is the costal arch?

A

continuous cartilaginous margin formed by articulated cartilages of the 7-10th ribs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the true ribs, where do they attach?

A

ribs 1-7 attacg to sternum directly via costal cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the false ribs, where do they attach

A

ribs 8-12
8-10 attach indirectly to superior costal cartilage do not attach to sternum directly
11-12 “floating” no anterior attachment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

The spongy interior bone of ribs is ______

A

hematopoietic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

in the 3rd through 9th ribs, the head of the rib has _____ facets seperated by the crest

A

2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

inferior rib facet articulates with the _______ ________ facet on the body of the the numerically corresponding vertebrae

A

superior costal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

The superior rib facet articulates with the _____ _______ facet of the ________ vertebrae

A

inferior costal, superior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What do the costovertebral joints consist of?

A

the joint head of the rub and the costotransverse joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

the rib moves around an _____ that traverses the head and _______ of the rib

A

axis, neck

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

the tubercle of the rib has an ________ facet that forms a ________ articulation with the transverse process of the corresponding vertebrae, the non articular part is attachment site of the _____________ ligament

A

articular, synovial, costotransverse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

the body of the rib is ______ and flat, and contains a ________ groove along the inner inferior border

A

thin, costal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

The angle is where ribs begin to turn ___________

A

anterolaterally

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are the atypical ribs?

A

1st, 2nd, 10th-12th

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What are the features of the 1st rib?

A

broad, two subclavian grooves separated by a scalene tubercle, single facet and only articulates with T1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What are the features of the 2nd rib

A

has scalene tubercle, serratus anterior tuberosity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what are the features of ribs 10-12?

A

have single facet, and articulate only with numerically corresponding vertebrae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Ribs ____ and _____ do not have necks or rib tubercles and do not articulate with the vertebral transverse processes

A

11, 12

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What are the three regions of the sternum?

A

manubrium, body, xiphoid process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

what are the 3 important anatomical landmarks of the sternum?

A

jugular notch, sternal angle, xiphisternal joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

the sternum has a pair of clavicular notches and __ pairs of costal notches

A

7

29
Q

________ increases the anteroposterior and transverse dimensions of the thoracic cage

A

inspiration

30
Q

_________ is the primary inspiratory muscle

A

diaphragm

31
Q

What are the upper limb and pectoral girdle muscles attached to the thoracic cage?

A

pectoralis major, pectoralis minor, serratus anterior, latissimus dorsi, scalenes

32
Q

How are the external intercostal muscles orientated in the thoracic cage?

A

superficial layer inferoanteriorly, anteriorly replaced with the external intercostal membrane

33
Q

How are the inter intercostal muscles orientated in the thoracic cage?

A

intermediate layer inferoposteriorly, posteriorly replaced with the internal intercostal membrane

34
Q

What is the 3rd deepest muscle layer in the thoracic cage composed of ?

A

innermost intercostals, subcostals, transversus thoracis

35
Q

What are the accessory respiratory muscles of the thoracic wall

A

serratus posterior superior, serratus posterior inferior, levatores costarum

36
Q

________ pairs of spinal nerves exit the ____________ foramina and divide into _____________ and __________ rami

A

12, intervertebral, anterior, posterior

37
Q

Posterior rami innervate specific segments of the back muscles, which ones? What else do they innervate?

A

erector spinae, multifidus, rotatores
zygopophyseal joints, overlying skin of the back and dorsum of the neck

38
Q

Anterior rami continue as ________ nerves (T1-T11) and the _______ nerve (T12) that innervate specific segments of the _______________ wall musculature and overlying skin of the ______ thoracic wall and __________ wall

A

intercostal, subcostal, thoracic, anterolateral, abdominal

39
Q

at the angle of the ribs, ______________ nerves primarily run between internal intercostal and innermost intercostal muscles within the costal grooves.

A

intercostal

40
Q

What is VAN?

A

intercostal arteries and veins

41
Q

Where do colateral branches pass between?

A

innermost and internal intercostal muscles

42
Q

What gives rise to the collateral branches that run along the superior border of ribs below?

A

intercostal nerves

43
Q

What is a dermatome?

A

a specific segment of skin supplied by the sensory neurons of a specific spinal nerve

44
Q

what is a myotome?

A

a specific segment of muscle supplied by the motor neurons of a specific spinal nerve

45
Q

dermatomes and myotomes are both used as ________ _________ tools

A

clinical diagnostic

46
Q

shingles follows a ___________, because it is stored in the ___________ _______ ganglion of a specific spinal nerve

A

dermatome, dorsal root

47
Q

What does the subclavian artery branch into? What do they flank?

A

left and right internal thoracic arteries, flank the sternum

48
Q

The internal thoracic arteries branch pairs of _______ ______ arteries (1st-6th intercostal spaces) and ____________ arteries (7th-9th intercostal spaces) to supply the anterior portion of the intercostal spaces

A

anterior intercostal, musculophrenic

49
Q

the _________ _________ artery is a terminal branch of the internal thoracic arteries

A

superior epigastric

50
Q

the descending thoracic aorta gives rise to ________ __________ arteries and _________ arteries to supply the posterior portion of the interocstal spaces

A

posterior intercostal, collateral

51
Q

the __________ ___________ arteries give rise to the 1st and 2nd posterior intercostal arteries which supplies blood to the _____ and _____ intercostal spaces

A

supreme intercostal, 1st, 2nd

52
Q

the _________ arteries (branches of thoracic aorta) supply a small area inferior to the 12th rib

A

subcostal

53
Q

_________ pairs of posterior intercostal arteries drain the posterior portion of the thoracic wall via the ______ and ______ veins

A

11, azygous and hemiazygous

54
Q

_____ pairs of anterior intercostal veins (which anastomose with posterior intercostal veins) drain anterior portion of thoracic wall via the __________ ______ veins

A

11, internal thoracic

55
Q

subcostal veins (branches of the thoracic aorta) drains small area inferior to the _____ rib via the _____________ and __________ vein

A

12th, azygous and hemiazygous

56
Q

Where does the bed of the breasts extend from?

A

2nd - 6th ribs

57
Q

Axillary process of the breast extends towards or into the _____ fossa

A

axillary, axillary

58
Q

What does the breast consist of?

A

nipple, areola, fat lobules, mammary gland lobules, and lactiferous ducts and sinuses

59
Q

where is the retromammary space located?

A

between breast and fascia of pec major and serratus anterior muscles

60
Q

what is the function of the suspensory ligaments, what are they attached to

A

suspend breast tissue, attached tighly to dermis

61
Q

The deeper regions of the breast are supplied by __________ ___________ arteries

A

posterior intercostal

62
Q

mammary glands are supplied medially aspect by ________ branches of the _______ thoracic artery and laterally by mammary branches if the _______ thoracic artery

A

mammary, internal, lateral

63
Q

mammary veins drain into the ______ vein and the _______ thoracic veins

A

axillary, internal

64
Q

The lymph of the ________ tissue enters subareolar lymphatic _______

A

glandular, plexus

65
Q

_____ of lymph drains into axillary lymph nodes which in turn are drained by the __________ lymphatic trunks

A

75% subclavian

66
Q

______ of lymph drains into the ________ positioned parasternal lymph nodes which is drained by the _______ duct (left breast) or right _________ duct (right breast)

A

25%, medially, thoracic, lymphatic

67
Q

How are breasts innervated?

A

4th-6th interoctsal nerves

68
Q
A

Human Cadaver Anatomy (39 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions