Arteries of the Head and Neck Flashcards
Aortic arch gives rise to the ________________ trunk, ___________ ___________ artery, and ___________ ________________ artery
brachiocephalic trunk
left common carotid
left subclavian
What does the brachiocephalic trunk supply?
right side of head, neck, and upper limb
what does the left common carotid artery supply?
left side of head and neck
what does the left subclavian artery supply?
left upper limb
The brachiocephalic trunk gives rise to the ______ ________ and _______ ___________ arteries
right subclavian
right common carotid
what does the right subclavian artery supply?
right upper limb
what does the right common carotid supply?
right side of head and neck
Where are the common carotid arteries located?
in carotid sheath along with the internal jugular vein and CN XI
Where do the common carotid arteries divide?
level of the superior border of the larynx
the common carotid arteries divide at the level of the ____________ border of the larynx into _____________ and __________ __________ arteries
superior
external and internal carotid arteries
what do the external carotid arteries supply?
structures of the external head and neck
what do the internal carotid arteries supply?
cerebrum and orbits
What are the branches of the external carotid artery?
superficial temporal A.
facial A.
Maxillary A
Middle Meningeal A
Lingual A.
Ascending Pharyngeal A.
what do the branches of the external carotid artery supply?
scalp and face
What does the superior thyroid artery supply?
infrahyoid muscles, portions of the thyroid gland and larynx
What does the superior thyroid artery supply do to the thyroid gland?
stimulates the thyroid via hormones in the blood to produce T3 and T4
The internal carotid artery enters the skull via ______________
the carotid canal
What does the internal carotid artery supply?
2/3 of the cerebrum
What is the first major branch of the internal carotid arteries?
opthalamic A.
What passes through the carotid triangle?
common, internal, and external carotid arteries
WHat are the branches of the internal carotid artery?
opthalamic artery
anterior cerebral artery
middle cerebral artery
what does the opthalamic artery supply?
eye and orbital structures
what does the middle cerebral artery supply?
huge chunk of the anterior cerebrum
what does the anterior cerebral artery supply?
huge chunk of medial cerebrum
what is the function of the circle of willis?
allows blood to pass even if one major artery is blocked
what makes up the circle of willis?
Anterior cerebral A.
Middle Cerebral A.
Posterior Cerebral A.
Internal Carotid A.
Anterior Communicating A.
Posterior communicating A.
What connects the anterior cerebral arteries?
anterior communicating A.
Each subclavian artery gives rise to the __________ artery, ____________ trunk, and ____________ trunk
vertebral artery
thyrocervical trunk
costocervical trunk
Describe the path of the vertebral arteries
Enter C6 through the transverse foramina, heads superior, enters skull via the foramen magnum
what does the thyrocervical trunk supply?
parathyroid glands
portions of thyroid gland, pharynx, larynx, trachea, and brachial plexus
what does the costocervical trunk supply?
muscles of the neck
superior 2 intercostal spaces
what do the vertebral arteries supply?
cervical vertebrae and spinal cord
The vertebral arteries anastomose to form the __________ artery which then gives rise to the __________ ________ arteries
basilar
posterior cerebral A.
what does the basilar artery supply?
brainstem and cerebellum
what does the posterior cerebral artery supply?
posterior cerebrum
the Posterior Cerebral arteries give rise to _____ ________ arteries that anastomose with ______ ___________ arteries forming the circle of Willis
Posterior communicating A.
Internal Carotid A.
what does the circle of willis surround?
pituitary gland and optic chiasma
