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Human Cadaver Anatomy > Abdomen I ( Inguinal region and peritoneum) > Flashcards

Abdomen I ( Inguinal region and peritoneum) Flashcards

1
Q

Where does the inguinal region lie?

A

along the inferior border of the anterolateral abdominal wall between the anterior superior iliac spine and pubic tubercle

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2
Q

What is the function of the inguinal cana?

A

passageway for testes/spermatic cord in males and round ligament of uterus in females

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3
Q

The deep inguinal ring is produced by ___________ of transversalis fascia

A

invagination

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4
Q

the superficial inguinal ring is produced by the opening of the external oblique ___________ forming medial crus and lateral crus

A

aponeurosis

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5
Q

What forms the boundaries of the inguinal canal?

A

external oblique aponeurosis (anteriorly), transversalis fascia and reinforced by internal oblique abs transversus abdominus neurosis posteriorly, inguinal ligament, lacunar ligaments, transversalis fascia laterally, arching fibers of internal oblique and transversus abdominus muscles medially and intercrural fibers of external oblique aponeurosis

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6
Q

what forms the anterior wall of the inguinal canal

A

external oblique aponeurosis

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7
Q

what forms the posterior wall of the inguinal canal

A

transversalis fascia and reinforced by internal oblique and transversus abdominis aponeurosis

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8
Q

what forms the floor of the inguinal canal?

A

inguinal ligament and lacunar ligaments

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9
Q

what forms the roof of the inguinal canal?

A

laterally by transversalis fascia, medially by arching fibers of internal oblique and transversus abdominus muscles, intercrural fibers of external oblique aponeuosis

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10
Q

What are the boundaries of the inguinal canal?

A

anterior wall, posterior wall, floor, roof

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11
Q

What happens during a direct inguinal hernia

A

bowels push through the superficial inguinal ring

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12
Q

what happens during an indirect inguinal hernia

A

bowel migrates through deep inguinal ring, down the inguinal canal, and passes out through the superficial inguinal ring and heads to scrotum

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13
Q

What is the spermatic cord?

A

bundle of ducts, nerves, and vasculature connecting the testes to the abdominal cavity

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14
Q

The spermatic cord is formed at the ________ inguinal ring, passes through the inguinal canal, enters the scrotum via the _________ inguinal ring, and ends scrotum at the posterior border of the _________

A

deep, superficial, testes

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15
Q

the fascial covering of the spermatic cord are derived from the __________ wall during prenatal descent

A

anterolateral

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16
Q

The external spermatic fascia is derived from the _______ ________ aponeurosis

A

external oblique

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17
Q

the cremaster muscle and fascia is derived from the _______ _______ muscle

A

internal oblique

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18
Q

Where does the dartos muscle insert? What is its function?

A

skin of the scrotum, elevates testes for temperature regulation

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19
Q

The internal spermatic fascia is derived from the __________ fascia

A

transversalis

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20
Q

The round ligament of females have similar fascial coverings from the _________ abdominal wall

A

anterolateral

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21
Q

What are the 6 main structures of the spermatic cord?

A

ductus deferens, testicular arteries, pampiniform venous plexus, lymphatic vessels, sympathetic nerve fibers, genital branch of genitofemoral nerve

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22
Q

what is the function of the ductus deferens?

A

conveys sperm from epididymis to ejaculatory duct

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23
Q

what do the testicular arteries arise from?

A

the aorta

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24
Q

The pampiniform venous plexus is a network that drains into the ________ veins

A

testicular

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25
Q

The genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve innervates the ________ muscle

A

cremaster

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26
Q

the lymphatic vessels of the spermatic cord follow the _______ arteries and dump into the _______ lymph nodes

A

testicular, lumbar

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27
Q

Within the scrotum, the testes and epididymis are covered by visceral layer of the _______ _________

A

tunica vaginalis

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28
Q

what is the tunica vaginalis?

A

serous sac produced as an out-pocketing of the abdominal peritoneum during the descent into the scrotum

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29
Q

The parietal layer of the tunica vaginalis lies deep to _______ ________ fascia

A

internal spermatic

30
Q

the ______ ______ is a fibrous capsule surrounding the testes and projecting inwards Forming numerous lobules

A

tunica albuginae

31
Q

The lobules of the tunica albuginae contain _________ tubules that produce sperm

A

seminiferous

32
Q

immature sperm leave the rete testes via the __________ ductules and mature in the __________

A

efferent, epididymis

33
Q

the epididymis consist of a ______, ________, and _________

A

head, body, tail

34
Q

what is the peritoneum?

A

a serous membrane lining the cavity of the abdomen and covering the abdominal organs

35
Q

what is the peritoneal cavity

A

potential space between the parietal and visceral peritoneal layers

36
Q

the _________ peritoneum lines the inner abdominal wall

A

parietal

37
Q

the ___________ peritoneum lines the abdominal organs

A

visceral

38
Q

what is the mesentery?

A

a double layer of peritoneum that suspends organs from the body wall and conducts vasculature and nerves and also contains adipose and lymph nodes

39
Q

most organs are suspended from the posterior body wall via _________ mesenteries, whereas other organs are attached to the anterior body wall via _____ mesenteries

A

dorsal, ventral

40
Q

What are some dorsal mesenteries

A

greater omentum, mesentery proper, transverse mesocolon

41
Q

what are some ventral mesenteries

A

lesser omentum, falciform ligament

42
Q

the ________ ligament is a double layer of peritoneum that connects one organ to another. Also known as the _________ ligament

A

peritoneal, falciform

43
Q

_________ organs are enveloped by visceral peritoneum, and are suspended by mesentery

A

intraperitoneal

44
Q

What are the 10 intraperitoneal organs?

A

stomach
proximal duodenum
jejunum
ileum
cecum
sigmoid colon
liver
gallbladder
pancreas tail
spleen

45
Q

_________ organs are located posterior to the parietal peritoneum

A

retroperitineal

46
Q

what are the 10 retroperitoneal organs?

A

distal duodenum
ascending colon
descending colon
rectum
pancreas head, neck, body
kidneys
ureters
suprarenal glands
abdominal aorta
inferior vena cava

47
Q

the __________ space is a continuous space beneath the peritoneum

A

subperitoneal

48
Q

The subperitoneal space includes the lower third of the _________ and the ______ _________

A

rectum, urinary bladder

49
Q

What are the two main regions of the peritoneum?

A

greater sac and lesser sac

50
Q

what is the greater sac?

A

general cavity of the abdomen

51
Q

what is the lesser sac?

A

omental bursa

52
Q

the greater sac and lesser sac are connected by the _________ foramen, also known as the ________ foramen or the foramen of ____________

A

omental, epicloic, winslow

53
Q

Where does the greater omentum arise from? where does it extend to?

A

arises from the greater curvature of the stomach, extends inferiorly and anterior to the transverse colon and small intestines, then doubles back and ascends to attach to the visceral layer of transverse colon

54
Q

the greater omentum can be subdivided into the ______ ligament, __________ ligament, and _________

A

gastrosplenic, gastrophrenic, gastrocolic

55
Q

what is the function of the gastrosplenic ligament?

A

attaches stomach to spleen

56
Q

what is the function of the gastrophrenic ligament?

A

attaches the stomach to diaphragm

57
Q

what is the function of the gastrocolic ligament?

A

attaches stomach to the transverse colon

58
Q

Where does the lesser omentum arise from and extend to?

A

arises from lesser curvature of stomach and proximal duodenum and extends to the liver

59
Q

the lesser omentum can be subdivided into the _________ ligament and the _________ ligament

A

heptaduodenal, heptogastric

60
Q

The hepatoduodenal ligament contains the ______ ______ which consists of ..?

A

portal triad, common bile duct, proper hepatic artery, hepatic portal vein

61
Q

The free edge of the hepatoduodenal ligament forms the boundary of the _______ foramen

A

omental

62
Q

the omental foramen leads into the ______ ______ from the greater sac

A

lesser sac or omental bursa

63
Q

The greater omentum is subdivided into the _______ and _______ compartments

A

supracolic, infracolic

64
Q

what subdivides the greater omentum?

A

the lesser sac

65
Q

the supracolic compartment contains the _______, _________, and ________

A

stomach, liver, spleen

66
Q

the infracolic compartment contains the ________, _________, and _________

A

small intestine, ascending colon, descending colon

67
Q

What is the mesentery proper, what is its function?

A

small intestine mesentery, suspends jejunum and ileum from the posterior abdominal wall

68
Q

what is the function of the transverse mesocolon

A

suspends the transverse colon from posterior abdominal wall

69
Q

what is the function of the sigmoid mesocolon

A

suspends sigmoid colon from the posterior abdominal wall

70
Q

what is the function of the falciform ligament?

A

attaches the anterior liver to the anterior abdominal wall

71
Q
A

Human Cadaver Anatomy (39 decks)

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