Theme 2 Flashcards
What vein runs superficially through the posterior triangle?
External jugular vein
4 cutaneous branches of cervical plexus?
Lesser occipital, great auricular, transverse cervical and supraclavicular
Muscles in the posterior triangle?
Splenus capitus
Levator scapule
Scalenus medius (posterior)
Scalenus anterior
Nerves and artery deep in the posterior triangle?
Spinal accessory nerve runs through elevator scapula.
Phrenic nerve runs through scalenus anterior.
Brachial plexus and subclavian artery runs between scalenus medium and posterior.
Through which foramen does the spinal accessory nerve enter and leave the skull?
2 roots - cranial and spinal
Cranial joins vagus
Spinal goes in through fo. magnum
Leaves through jugular fo.
What does spinal accessory nerve innervate?
Sternocleidomastoid and trapezius
What are the supra-hyoid muscles and what innervates them?
Good Men Don’t Smoke
Geniohyoid - C1 fibres hitchhiking on hypoglossal nerve
Mylohyoid - nerve to mylohyoid
Anterior belly of digastric - nerve to mylohyoid
Posterior belly of digastric - facial nerve
Stylohyoid - facial nerve
What are the infra-hyoid muscles and what innervates them?
Omohyoid - ansa cervicalis
Sternothyroid - ansa cervicalis
Thyrohyoid - C1 fibres hitch hiking along hypoglossal nerve
Sternohyoid - ansa cervicalis
Branches of the external carotid artery in the neck?
Superior thyroid artery - innervate the thyroid gland
Lingual artery - innervate the tongue
Facial artery - innervate the muscles of facial expression
Ascending pharyngeal artery
Posterior auricular artery
Terminal branch - maxillary, superficial temporal
What runs through the carotid sheath?
Internal jugular vein, common carotid artery and vagus nerve.
What are the branches of the vagus nerve?
Superior laryngeal nerve (internal and external laryngeal)
Pharyngeal nerve
Recurrent laryngeal nerve
What is the path of the right and left recurrent nerves/
Right - loops around the subclavian artery
Left - loops around the aortic arch
How do the artery coming off the aortic arch differ from right to left?
Right - one artery comes off - brachiocephalic artery, this splits into right common carotid and right subclavian.
Left - common carotid and subclavian each come from the aortic arch
Describe the structure of the subclavian artery in relation to the scalenus anterior - name the branches
3 parts - before, beneath and beyond
All the important branches arise from the 1st part
Vertebral artery
Internal thoracic
Thyrocervical trunk - then splits into the inferior thyroid a., transverse cervical and suprascapular
