Infratemporal fossa Flashcards

1
Q

Boundaries?

A

Lateral pterygoid plate
Infratemporal surface of greater wing of sphenoid and squamous part of temporal bone.
Styloid process
Posterior wall of maxilla.

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2
Q

Contents?

A

Mandibular division of trigeminal (V3)
Fo. ovale
Maxillary artery (part 1 and 2) and the branches
Maxillary vein
Otic ganglion
Chorda tympani (branch of facial nerve innervates taste senses to anterior 2/3 of the tongue)
Lateral and medial pterygoid muscles.

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3
Q

Attachments and functions of lateral and medial pterygoid muscles?

A

Medial pterygoid muscles - found deep to lateral pterygoid muscles.
Attachments superiorly - lateral pterygoid plate, pterygopalatine tissue and maxillary tuberosity.
Attachments inferiorly - mandible.
Function - superior and deep head are both elevators.

Lateral pterygoid muscles - found superficial to medial pterygoid muscles.
Attachments superiorly - lateral pterygoid plate and roof of the infratemporal fossa.
Attachments inferiorly - mandible.
Function - inferior head = protractor, superior head = elevator.

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4
Q

Through what foramen does V3 exit the skull?

A

Fo. Ovale

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5
Q

Describe the branching of V3 in the fossa (not the innervations)

A

Main trunk splits into anterior and posterior divisions.
Anterior division branches into long buccal nerve.
Posterior divison branches into auriculotemporal, lingual, inferior alveolar and nerve to mylohyoid.

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6
Q

What are the innervations of the branches of the anterior division of V3?

A

Most of the anterior division branches are motor except long buccal nerve.
Long buccal nerve - sensory innovation to the cheeks and mandibular buccal gingiva.

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7
Q

What are the innervations of the branches of the posterior divisions of V3?

A

Most of the posterior division branches are sensory except nerve to mylohyoid.
Auriculotemporal - wraps around middle meningeal artery and sends sensory branches to the temple.
Lingual - sensory innervation the the anterior 2/3 of the tongue, mandibular lingual gingiva, and sensory fibres to submandibular ganglion.
Inferior alveolar nerve - innervates the tooth substance fo the mandibular teeth
Nerve to mylohyoid - motor innervation to mylohyoid and anterior belly of digastric.

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8
Q

What are the 3 parts of the maxillary artery and where are they located?

A

Before, beneath and beyond the lateral pterygoid muscle.

Parts 1 and 2 found in the infra temporal fossa, 3rd part found in the pterygopalatine fossa.

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9
Q

What are the branches of the 1st and 2nd part of the maxillary artery?

A

1st part - middle meningeal artery (enters skull through fo. spinosum), inferior alveolar artery (follows same route as inferior alveolar nerve).
2nd part has muscular and cutaneous branches.

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10
Q

Describe the branching of the maxillary vein and where it drains

A

Has the same tributaries as the branches of the maxillary artery.
Drains into the retromandibular vein

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11
Q

What are the incoming fibres of the otic ganglion?

A

Parasympathetic root - lesser petrosal nerve (branch of glossopharyngeal nerve) through fo. ovale
Sympathetic root - from a plexus on the middle meningeal artery.
Sensory root - from V3

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12
Q

What are the outgoing fibres of the otic ganglion?

A

Branches of distribution - from ganglion to parotid gland via the auriculotemporal nerve.
Somatic motor root - from ganglion to the medial pterygoid muscle.

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