The Teeth Flashcards
What is a heterodont
possesses more than one tooth form
What is a Diphyodont
Has more than one set of teeth
Diastema
A gap between the teeth
Crown
The neck and root of the tooth (covered in enamel)
cementoenamel
slightly visible border anatomical border identified on a tooth
What are teeth anchored in their socket by?
Alveoli
Lamina dura
thin shell of dense bone lining the alveoli
Pulp cavity
central space of the tooth containing pulp soft tissue with nerves, vessels and lymphatics
What connective tissue attaches root to bone via periodontal ligaments
periodontium
What four defined structures are part of periodontal tissues?
gingiva cementum, alveolar bone and periodontal ligament
Gingiva
Gums or gingiva is the name for the oral mucosa that covers the tooth
Free Gingiva
The edge of the gum, connected to the tooth
Attached Gingiva
The part that attaches the gum to the bone
How do the gingiva attach?
via a basement membrane from the epithelium in the gum to the tooth enamel
Brachydont
smaller and low crowned teeth suitable for feeding on soft diet
Hypsodont
Larger crown that can resist that can resist wear and tear of feeding on tough and fibrous diet, e.g in ungulates
Radicular
Forms a root
Aradicular
Does not form a root
gingival crevice
the ridge in your mouth where the teeth meet the gums
Enamel
Hardest substance in the body, Acellular- cannot regenerate, in brachydont (covers only the crown), Hypsodont (covers the entire body of the tooth)
Dentin
Forms the bulk of the tooth, hard substance similar to bone
Cementum
least hard of all, thin bonelike layer
Infundibulum
The funnel-like centre of the tooth
Incisors
adapted for grasping, pinching scratching and nipping
Canines
“weapons” for tearing flesh during hunting and fighting
Premolars
rostral cheek teeth which have deciduous precursors
Molars
flattened and triangular with jagged edges, serrated edge blades
vestibular
surface of tooth facing the mouth
Mandible
lower jaw
Maxillary
upper jaw
Lingual
side of tooth facing into the mouth
Palatal
lingual surface of the Maxillary teeth
Coronal
a way to describe the occlusal surface (occlusal is when the teeth touch each other)
Mesial
surface of the incisor teeth that are towards the middle or median plane of the mouth
Rostral surface of the canine, pre molar and molar
Distal
surface of the incisor teeth that are away from the middle or median plane of the mouth- Caudal surfaces of the canine, pre molar and molar
What teeth are pigs born with?
‘needle teeth’ which are deciduous, their canines continuously erupt and the lower are larger
What teeth do dogs have
Their canines are the longest, they also have carnassial teeth which are used for ‘shearing’
How many roots do dog incisors have?
one root
Which dog teeth only have one root?
PM1’s and lower M3
The dental pad
a feature of ruminant dental anatomy that helps them gather large quantities of grass and plant matter
Features of ruminant teeth
Incisors and canines are brachydont, canines are assimilated to incisors- pre molars and molars are hypsodont with a large diastema
Where is the dental pad?
In the position of the upper teeth, interacts with the lower incisors
What are incisors in horse teeth like?
High crowns with a single root, curved in younger horses
What are canines in horse teeth like?
In mares they are often small and may not erupt, deciduous canines are often absent
What are hypsodonts in horse teeth like?
continuous wear, they slowly erupt with a delayed development of roots and a complicated folding of enamel
What are teeth like in the maxillary cheek of horses?
Teeth have less pronounced infoldings but two enamel rings called infundibulum
Wolf teeth in horses
small teeth, often lacking
Pre molars in horses
they form a continuous surface
Infundibulum
a cup or funnel shaped invagination of enamel from the occlusal surface of equine incisors, looks like a dark mark
What happens to the infundibulum over time?
as the tooth wears over time the appearance changes, the cup gets smaller on incisors over time
Why do rabbits belong to the group lagomorpha
Because they have two small second incisors or peg teeth behind the maxillary incisors
What is the enamel of the tooth like in rabbits?
not evenly distributed, its thicker on the facial aspect and thinner on the lingual aspect
What are the incisors and cheek teeth like in lagomorphs?
aradicular hypsodonts so they have long anatomic crowns and remain open-rooted
Pulp
Soft tissue inside the tooth, contains nerves, blood vessels and connective tissue
What teeth do rabbits not have?
Canines
What artery supplies the lower teeth?
inferioralveolar
Which nerve innervates the maxillary and mandibular divisons?
Trigeminal nerve
What innervates the upper incisor teeth?
infraorbital nerve
What supplies blood to the
inferialoveolar nerve which runs in the mandibular canal
