Footpads and Hooves Flashcards
What layer of the integument makes up the footpad?
Subcutis
What is the distal phalanx?
The middle finger/ bone- where all the pressure is concentrated
What is the adipose tissue partitioned by?
Collagen fibres, these also assist in anchoring it to the skeleton
Structure and function of stratum corneum?
Thickened outer layer, protects the dermis from damage
What is the horn/ nail
Highly keratinised epidermis, It grows distally
How does the nail/ horn attach to underlying dermis?
interdigitations (finger-like projections) between the epidermis and dermis
What is the function of the interdigitations?
To increase the surface area
What does the dermis attach to in claws
periosteum of the digital phalanx
What are some considerations for hooves
Muscle mass is concentrated, only the third digit is weight bearing- poor venous return of blood
What are the 5 parts of the hoof dermis?
Perioplic, Coronary, Lamellar, Solar, Frog
Stratum externum
thin, glossy, produced by perioplic papillae
Stratum medium
partially pigmented, bulk of hoof wall
Stratum internum
unpigmented epidermal horn
White line
marks the junction of the sole and hoof wall
What is the periosteum?
Outer lining of the digital phalanx bone
what is the purpose of the elastic dorsal ligament?
Keeps nails retracted in cats
what is the white line made up of?
interlamellar horn from terminal papillae
Where is the perioplic dermis positioned?
Above the coronary band
What does the perioplic dermis produce?
Stratum externum
What does the coronary dermis produce?
Stratum medium (bulk of the hoof wall) and dermal papillae that are attached to the pedal bone and the epidermal papillae
What is the stratum internum
Epidermal laminae
How is the hoof modified for venous return?
As the frog is squashed collateral cartilage pushes blood back with every step
