Integument Physiology

Question 1

What are 7 functions of the integument?

Answer 1

Protection, Immune defence, sensing environment, Thermoregulation, Storage and excretion, Communication and Selective Permeability

Question 2

What is a mechanoreceptor?

Answer 2

detects stimuli from external environmnent such as touch, sound, pressure and vibration

Question 3

Ruffinis end organ

Answer 3

detects stretches in the skin

Question 4

Krauses end bulb

Answer 4

Cold stretches in the skin

Question 5

Meissners corpuscle

Answer 5

pressure, fast vibration

Question 6

Merkels disc

Answer 6

free nerve ending- sustained touch and pressure

Question 7

Nociceptors

Answer 7

Free nerve endings- pain receptors

Question 8

Thermoreceptors

Answer 8

Free nerve endings- Temperature

Question 9

Homeostasis

Answer 9

Maintenance of constant internal conditions within the bodys internal environment

Question 10

Hypothalamus

Answer 10

controls activities of autonomic nervous system, controls a major part of the endocrine system

Question 11

Below 34 degrees…

Answer 11

animals unable to regulate their own temperature

Question 12

At 27 to 29 degrees…

Answer 12

cardiac fibrillation and death

Question 13

increase of temperature to 45 degrees…

Answer 13

can cause fatal lesions

Question 14

Hypothermia

Answer 14

when heat loss exceeds heat production

Question 15

Hyperthermia

Answer 15

above normal body temperature, heat production exceeds heat loss

Question 16

Fever/Pyrexia

Answer 16

reset of hypothalamic set point to higher temperature

Question 17

Muscle contraction (shivering thermogenesis)

Answer 17

means of increasing metabolic heat by contracting muscles

Question 18

Brown adipose tissue (non-shivering thermogenesis)

Answer 18

special type of body fat that gets activated when they get cold

Question 19

Brown adipose tissue is…

Answer 19

predominantly in neonates, darker in colour, present in small hibernating mammals, smaller numerous lipid droplets

Question 20

Where is brown adipose tissue located?

Answer 20

subcutaneous region between scapulae and around kidneys and myocardium

Question 21

What is usually found close to brown adipose tissue?

Answer 21

many mitochondria as they facilitate rapid transfer of stored energy into heat energy

Question 22

What are 4 physical ways animals can lose heat?

Answer 22

Radiation, Conduction and Convection and evaporation