GI Tract Canines Flashcards
Oesophagus in canines
Inclines to the left then regains a medial position, continues past the heart then penetrates the diaphragm
What are the glands in the oesophagus?
mostly mucus
Where is the stomach found?
(C-shaped organ) Found on the left hand side of the abdomen, It has greater and lesser curvature
What stomach do canines have?
Simple, Composed Primarily of glands, the glands occupy most of the lamina propria and produce gastric juices
How does the stomach expand?
Tunica Mucosa and Submucosa work together to expand the stomach using rugae
Meissners plexus
submucosal layer- responsible for peristaltic movement in the bowels
Tunica Muscularis
Consists of three layers of smooth muscle between Myenteric or Auerbach’s plexus
What are the 3 parts of the simple stomach?
Cardiac, Fundic and Pyloric region
Cardiac Region
Very small region, contains mucus secreting glands and is closest to the oesophagus
Fundic region
The space between the cardiac gland and the pyloric gland which contains the fundic glands
Pyloric gland
region is near the Pylorus and secretes two types of mucus and the hormone gastrin
Enteric nervous system
One of the main divisions of the autonomic nervous system
Omentum
Connecting peritoneum (connects stomach to abdominal wall)
What are the 4 cell types in the gastric gland?
Mucous, Parietal, Chief and Endocrine
The gastric mucosa
contains
What are the 3 parts of the omentum?
greater, lesser and omental bursa
Lesser omentum
attached to the lesser curvature of the stomach to the portal fissure
Greater omentum
attached to the greater curvature of the stomach has deep and superficial “leaves”
Omental bursa
Potential space, enclosed by greater omentum
Epiploic foramen
omental bursa opening to the peritoneal cavity
What adaptations does the small intestine have?
Highly folded mucosa containing microvilli
Duodenum
longest villi of all 3 regions and has a high number of goblet cells
Illieum
Crypts contain lots of important cells including those involved in host defence and signalling
illeal mucosa
large numbers of organised lymphoid tissue (Peyers patches)
3 parts of the large intestine?
Ceacum, Colon (ascending, descending and transverse) and rectum
Blood supply to the stomach
left gastric artery, hepatic artery and splenic artery- these all drain to the portal vein
Blood supply to the intestine
Cranial and Caudal mesenteric arteries
What innervates the stomach and intestine
Parasympathetic, Sympathetic and Enteric nervous system
what are simple stomachs primarily composed of?
glands
what is the ileocecal fold
a layer of peritoneum between the ileum and the coecum
What does the illeal mucosa contain large numbers of?
lymphoid tissue
What are the 4 types of cell found in the stomach?
Chief, Parietal, Endocrine, Mucus
Which gland secretes gastrin?
Pyloric gland
Which part of the small intestine has the highest number of goblet cells and the longest villi?
Duodenum
What side of the body is the stomach found on?
The left hand side
What side of the body is the ascending duodenum, jejenum and descending colon found on?
The left hand side
What side of the body is the descending duodenum and coecum found on?
The right hand side
What does the enteric nervous system control?
Meissner’s and myenteric plexus
