Homeostasis Flashcards
What are some functions of the integument?
Protection, Immune defence, Camouflage, thermoregulation, storage and excretion, selective permeability
What are some examples of mechanoreceptors?
Merkels disk, Pacinian corpuscle Ruffinis end organ, Krause end bulb
What are some examples of Nociceptors?
Free Nerve Endings
Thermoreceptors
Free nerve endings can also act as thermoreceptors for the hot/ cold
What are some examples of things the body may need to balance via homeostasis?
pH, Blood Pressure, Temperature, Water/Minerals in blood
How can you maintain your electrolyte concentration?
Drinking electrolyte fluids, your body can also adjust the volume of water it contains
What part of the brain controls homeostasis?
hypothalamus
What does the hypothalamus coordinate?
The autonomic nervous system, it also detects the osmolarity of interstitial fluid in the brain via osmoreceptors. and monitors brain temperature
Why may thermoregulation be important?
Enzymes only work at optimum temperature.
» Below 34°C animals unable to regulate their own temperature.
» At 27 to 29°C cardiac fibrillation and death!
» An increase of temperature to 45°C can cause fatal brain lesions.
Hypothermia
below normal body temperature.
* When heat loss exceeds heat production.
Hyperthermia
above normal body temperature.
* When heat production exceeds heat loss.
Fever/Pyrexia
When the hypothalamic set point is increased, helps boost leucocyte function
How may an animal increase their temperature?
Shivering, Metabolic processes, Exercise, Brown-Adipose Tissue
What is Brown adipose tissue?
Tissue found in the subcutaneous region between the kidney and myocardium, contains lipids close to many mitochondria
What are three ways an animal may lose heat?
Radiation (emission of infra-red radiation), Conduction/Convection (direct heat transfer to an object or hot air to cooler air), Evaporation ( e.g panting or sweating)
