The Subjunctive 01 Flashcards
what tense use when talking about a fact we don’t have the power to decide?
subjunctive. Cos someone else has the power to decide.
When don’t use the subjunctive with these 6 conjunctions? What use instead?
On the other hand, when the main verb is not in the future tense and the relative clause is introduced by one of these conjunctions, always use an indicative verb in the relative clause.
Es necesario que practiquemos español para obtener fluidez. Why subjunctive?
Because talking about a necessity, “It’s necessary we practice Spanish to become fluent.”It’s necessary we practice Spanish to become fluent.”
what is the featured vowel for -er and -ier verbs?
it is “a” ie where expect an e in the ending get an a
Te aconsejo que te cambies de ropa porque hace mucho calor. Why subjunctive used?
Giving ADVICE to someone, “I recommend you to change your clothes because it is too hot.”
Tomaré una ducha mientras prepares la cena. Why the subjunctive?
Main verb in future and intro’d by mientras, “I’ll take a shower while you make dinner.”
Te haré llegar los informes en cuanto los tenga preparados. Why subjunctive?
Main verb in future and intro’d by en cuanto, “I’ll send you the reports as soon as I get them ready.”
beber future imperfect subjunctive conjugated …
yo beb-iere, tu beb-ieres, el, ella, usted beb-iere, nosotros beb-iéremos, vosotros beb-iereis, ellos, ellas, ustedes beb-ieren
Tomé una ducha mientras hacías la cena. Why NOT subjunctive?
Main verb NOT in future and intro’s by mientras, “I took a shower while you were making dinner.”
Es posible que suspenda el examen.
It’s possible that I will fail the test
Use 3?
To talk about or express emotions or feelings
Espero que te recuperes pronto.
I hope you get better soon
Ojalá estuvieras aquí.
I wish you were here
which tense of the subjunctive has a featured vowel?
the present preterit and present compound
cantar past imperfect subjunctive conjugated …
yo cant-ara or cant-ase, tu cant-aras o cant-ases, el, ella, usted cant-ara o cant-ase, nosotros cant-áramos o cant-ásemos, vosotros cant-arais o cant-aseis, ellos, ellas, ustedes cant-aran o cant-asen
Miguel se ha quedado en casa esta noche. No sé porqué. Quizá tenga mucho trabajo que hacer. Why the subjunctive?
We don’t really know if Miguel has too much work to do and that’s the reason he’s staying home ie WE REALLY HAVE NO IDEA. “Miguel stayed in tonight. I don’t know why. He might have a lot of work to do.”
Clue 1 when use subjunctive
when main idea involves hope, desire, wishes etc
cantar future imperfect subjunctive conjugated …
yo cant-are, tu cant-ares, el, ella, usted cant-are, nosotros cant-áremos, vosotros cant-areis, ellos, ellas, ustedes cant-aren
Es probable que vaya a la fiesta aunque aún no estoy seguro. Why subjunctive?
Because talking about an uncertainty, “It’s possible that I go to the party but I’m not sure yet.”
Those verbs can also be used with the indicative. What is the difference between the uses?
The level of uncertainty. When the speaker wants to express total uncertainty, quizá and tal vez need to be used with the subjunctive. When the speaker wants to express partial uncertainty, quizá and tal vez need to be used with the indicative.
4 words or phrases which point to subjunctive when talking about the future outcome of an event happening now?
(i) cuando (when) (ii) hasta que (until)
(iii) para que (so that),
(iv) a fin de que (in order to)
what is the difference between the subjunctive and the indicative?
The subjunctive describes unreal or potential events. The indicative describes actual events.
No voy a meterme en tus asuntos. Haz lo que quieras con tu vida. Why use the subjunctive?
talking about a fact don’t have power to decide, “I’m not going to get into your business. Do whatever you want with your life.”
What are the 6 conjunctions which flag use of subjunctive in hypothetical or unrealised situations?
(i) EN CUANTO - once, as soon as, the moment that
(ii) MIENTRAS - as long as, whereas, while
(iii) ANTES DE QUE - before, (iv) A MENOS QUE - unless
(v) CON TAL QUE - as long as,(vi) SIN QUE - without
Ojalá consigas el papel de protagonista en la obra.
I wish you get the main role in the show.
Use 2?
To express requests, suggestions, advice, or intentions
Es necesario que compres huevos si quieres hacer un pastel.
It is necessary that you buy eggs if you want to make a cake.
vivir present subjunctive conjugated …
yo viv-a, tu viv-as, el, ella, usted viv-a, nosotrtos viv-amos, vosotros viv-áis, ellos, ellas ustedes viv-an
A mis padres les gustó mucho que vinieras a casa a comer.
My parents were very pleased that you came over for lunch.
Siento mucho que tengas que irte de esta ciudad. Why subjunctive?
Speaker’s subjective reaction, “I’m so sorry you have to leave this town.”
Clue 1 key words which are pointers to subjunctive being used (4)?
Ojalá (que), Esperar que, Querer que, Desear que.
Have a nice day! (just subjunctive)
¡Que tengas un buen día!
Miguel se ha quedado en casa esta noche. No sé porqué. Quizá tiene mucho trabajo que hacer. Why use the indicative and not the subjunctive?
We don’t know if Miguel has too much work to do either, but WE HAVE THE FEELING that this is the reason he’s staying home tonight. “Miguel stayed in tonight. I don’t know why. He might have a lot of work to do.”
Use 4?
To talk about or express uncertainties, necessity, or hypothesis
A menos que prometas cuidar del perro, no lo compraremos. Why the subjunctive?
Main verb in future and intro’d by a menos que, “Unless you promise to take care of the dog, we won’t buy it.”
Es mejor que nos quedemos en casa este fin de semana.
It’s better that we stay in this weekend.
Do always need a main clause plus subordinate clause to use the subjunctive?
No. Sometimes the main clause is implied.
Mi hermana insiste en que vayamos al cine esta noche. Why subjunctive used?
Future intention, “My sister insists that we go to the movies tonight.”
Haré lo que sea con tal que te sientas bien. Why the subjunctive?
Main verb in future and intro’d by con tal que, “I’ll do anything as long as you feel good.”
cantar present subjunctive conjugated …
yo cant-e, tu cant-es, el, ella, usted cant-e, nosotros cant-emos, vosotros cant-éis, ellos,ellas, ustedes cant-en
Quiero que dejes de fumar. ¡Es muy malo para tu salud!
I want you to quit smoking. It’s very bad for your health!
What tense use for subjective reactions of the speaker or the subject of the sentence to an actual event or situation.?
The subjunctive
Mis primos están muy contentos de que estés aquí con nosotros. Why subjunctive?
Talking about feelings, “My cousins are very happy that you are here with us”
I wish you a Merry Christmas! (main clause PLUS subordinate clause)
Espero que pases una Feliz Navidad.
With what 2 adverbs use subjunctive when expressing partial or total uncertainty?
quizás(s) and tal vez
Todo estará recogido cuando tus padres vuelvan a casa.. Why subjunctive?
Future outcome of present event, “Everything will be tidy up when your parents come back home.”
How many tenses in the subjunctive?
Three simple and 3 perfect tenses ie 6 in total
Dile (imperative) a tu hermano que pare (subjunctive) de jugar a la pelota porque acabará rompiendo una ventana. Why subjunctive used?
To make an indirect request when the sentence starts with an imperative, “Tell your brother to stop playing with the ball because he will end up breaking a window.”
