Impersonal Forms - The Infinitive 01

Question 1

1. Le oí decir que se había copiado las respuestas del examen.
2. Following a verb of perception (Use 3)

Answer 1

1. I heard him saying that he had copied the answers on the exam.
2. Why infinitive?

Question 2

1. Prefiero tomar té en vez de café.

2. The subject of the conjugated verb (yo prefiero) is the same as that of the infinitive (tomar) ie tea (Use 2)

Answer 2

1. I prefer to have tea instead of coffee.

2. Why using the imperative?

Question 3

1. No la dejes correr sola por el parque. Ponle la correa o morderá a alguien.
2. Direct obj + dejar + inf (Use 4(2))

Answer 3

1. Don’t let her run free around the park. Put her on the leash or she will bite someone.
2. Why using the imperative?

Question 4

1. Quiere adoptar un perro de la perrera.
2. Cos the subject of the conjugated verb (él quiere) is the same as that of the infinitive (él adopta) ie the dog (use 2)

Answer 4

1. He wants to adopt a dog from the dog pound.

2. Why using the imperative?

Question 5

1. El rey Saurid mandó crear las pirámides de Guiza. (mandó que crearan)
2. verb of command + inf (Use 4, circ 1)

Answer 5

1. The king Saurid ordered the Giza pyramids to be built.

2. Why using the imperative?

Question 6

• Yo quería más pastel. ¿Por qué lo has tirado?
• Pues haber dicho algo. Ahora es demasiado tarde.
  2. Referring to s.th which happened earlier which the person should have done ie perfect infinitive

Answer 6

• I wanted more cake. Why did you throw it away?
• You should have said something. Now it’s too late!
  2. Why using the infinitive?

Question 7

1. Abrir envase. Colocar la pizza en el horno. Cocinar durante 35 minutos.
2. instructions (Use 5 (1))

Answer 7

1. Open package. Put pizza on oven rack. Cook for 35 minutes.
2. Why using the imperative?

Question 8

1. ¿Por qué no comprar dos y pagar sólo uno?

2. Advertising

Answer 8

1. Why not buy two and pay for just for one?

2. Why infinitive?

Question 9

1. Le vi correr detrás del ladrón

2. Following a verb of perception (Use 3)

Answer 9

1. I saw him chasing the thief.

2. Why using the imperative?

Question 10

1. Tengo la impresión de tener demasiada ropa.

2. The infinitive is a “noun modifier” (Use 1 (3))

Answer 10

1. I have the feeling that I have too many clothes.

2. Why using the imperative?

Question 11

1. No fumar.

2. sign (Use 5 (1))

Answer 11

1. No smoking

2. Why using the imperative?

Question 12

1. Se fue sin decir adiós.

2. prep + fin = Xing in English

Answer 12

1. He left without saying goodbye.

2. Why using the imperative?

Question 13

Infinitive is used as noun + noun is subject of sentence (Use 1(2))

Answer 13

When can you add “el” in front of infinitive?

Question 14

1. Sufre crisis difíciles de controlar.

2. The infinitive is a “noun modifier” (Use 1 (3))

Answer 14

1. He suffers crises that are hard to control.

2. Why using the imperative?

Question 15

1. Creía haber contestado bien todas las preguntas del test.
2. Perfect imperative = s.th happened earlier + should have done s.th (recrimination)

Answer 15

1. I thought I had answered right all the questions on the test.
2. Why using the imperative?

Question 16

1. When haber is in the infinitive?
2. To refer to s.th which had happened before (ie anteriority in time) + convey a sense of recrimination(to the listener) for not doing something he should have.

Answer 16

1. What is the perfect infinitive?

2. When do you use it?

Question 17

”- ing” something ie the gerund

Answer 17

What is the English equivalent of preposition + infinitive?

Question 18

subject of the conjugated verb + the subject of the infinitive = the same.
In this circumstance the infinitive is used as the direct object.

Answer 18

What is Use 2?

Question 19

1. conjug verb of perception + infinitive

2. oír, ver, or sentir.

Answer 19

1. What is Use 3?

2. What 3 verbs?

Question 20

You can replace it with the direct object pronouns lo,la,los,las.

Answer 20

What can you do when the infinitive is also the direct object?

Question 21

1. Prefiero levanterme temprano por la mañana.

2. wish verb + inf (Use 6)

Answer 21

1. I prefer to wake up early in the mornings.

2. Why is the infinitive used?

Question 22

1. Los dos países están lejos de llegar a un acuerdo. What is the use of the infinitive here?
2. It’s being used as an adverb modifier (Use 1 (3))

Answer 22

1. Both countries are far from reaching an agreement.

2. Why is the infinitive used?

Question 23

1. (El) beber un vaso de vino tinto al día es bueno para el corazón.
2. It is a noun + El as is the subject of the sentence

Answer 23

1. Drinking one glass of wine a day is good for your heart.

2. Why is the infinitive used?

Question 24

As an imperative in

(i) instructions,
(ii) signs and
(iii) advertising

Answer 24

What is use 5? (3)

Question 25

``` direct object + dejar + infinitive direct object + hacer + infinitive direct object + invitar a + infinitive direct object + obligar a + infinitive Used as a substitute to the subjunctive ```

Answer 25

What is Use 4, circumstance 2? (1 structure + 4 vbs) | When is it used?

Question 26

1. No pasar. | 2. It is a sign or instruction (Use 5)

Answer 26

1. Do not cross. | 2. Why is the infinitive used?

Question 27

with 3 verbs of influence - prohibir, mandar, or autorizar | Used as a substitute to the subjunctive

Answer 27

What is Use 4, circumstance 1? (3 vbs) | When is it used?

Question 28

``` Conj verb of wish + inf conj querer + inf conj preferir + inf conj desear + inf conj gustar + inf ```

Answer 28

What is use 6? (4)

Question 29

1. Quiero ir | 2. wish verb + inf (Use 6)

Answer 29

1. I want to go. | 2. Why using infinitive?

Question 30

1. Me gusta venir aquí. | 2. wish verb + inf (Use 6)

Answer 30

1. I like coming here. | 2. Why using infinitive?

Question 31

Verbs which are always followed by infinitive: (Use 7) 1. acabar de + inf 2. acostumbrar a/soler + inf 3. deber/tener que + inf 4. dejar de + inf 5. empezar/comenzar a + inf 6. enseñar + inf 7. ir a + inf 8. ofrecer + inf

Answer 31

Verbs which are always followed by infinitive: (Use 7) 1. to have just + inf 2. to be in the habit of (ie usually) + inf 3. to have to + inf 4. to give/stop + inf 5. to start + inf 6. to teach to + inf 7. to go to + inf 8. to offer + inf

Question 32

1. Tengo mucho que hacer | 2. Cos inf always follows tener que (Use 7)

Answer 32

1. I have much to do. | 2. Why using the infinitive?

Question 33

1. Dejaré de fumar | 2. Cos inf always follows dejar de (Use 7)

Answer 33

1. I will stop smoking. | 2. Why using the infinitive?

Question 34

Verbs denoting ability of capacity 1. poder (to be able to, can) 2. saber (to know how to)

Answer 34

What is use 8?

Question 35

1. No puedo hacerlo. | 2. conj ability verb + inf (Use 8)

Answer 35

1. I can't do it. | 2. Why using the infinitive?

Question 36

1. Ella no sabe nadar. | 2. conj ability verb + inf (Use 8)

Answer 36

1. She doesn't know how to swim. | 2. Why using the infinitive?