Impersonal forms - Gerund 01 Flashcards
what is the gerund?
It’s the PRESENT participle?
How form the gerund?
add - ando to the stem or -ar verbs and -iendo to the stem of -ir and -er verbs
To indicate actions which are still happening ie to be a present participle with haber
What is Use 1?
- Aún estamos comprando en el supermercado.
2. Use 1 (Action still happening)
- We are still buying at the supermarket.
2. What use?
To act as an adverb such as modal ie the way something is happening, conditional, time object.
What is Use 2?
- Vino andando muy despacio.
2. Use 2 (as an adverb re way s.th happening)
- He came walking really slowly.
2. What use?
As an adjective in ONLY 3 situations
What is use 3?
when using the present participle with a verb that expresses perception
What is use 3, situation 1?
- Veo a María lavando su ropa.
2. Use 3, situation 1 (as an adjective + verb of perception)
- I see Maria washing her clothes.
2. What use & situation?
with the impersonal form of the verb haber
What is use 3, situation 2?
- Había un hombre cantando en la playa.
2. Use 3, situation 1 (as an adj + impersonal haber)
- There was a man singing on the beach.
2. What use & situation?
some adverbs such as “hirviendo”, “ardiendo” [boiling], or “colgando” (hanging) are always adjectives.
What us use 3, situation 3?
- Se le cayó agua hirviendo mientras cocinaba pasta.
2. Use 3, situation 3 (some pp always used as adjs)
- He dropped boiling water while he was cooking pasta.
2. What use & situation?
- Los españoles y italianos hablan haciendo gestos y usando lenguaje corporal.
- Cos’ using the present participle in MODAL form,
- “Spaniards and Italians talk making gestures and using body language.”
- Why use the gerund? (use 4, sit 1 of 5)
- Gobernando el partido de izquierdas, había más políticas sociales.
- Cos’ expressing TEMPORARY ie cuando gobernaba,
- “When the left party was ruling, there was more social politics.”
- Why use the gerund? (use 4, sit 1 of 5)
- No teniendo más que decir, se fueron.
2. Cos’ CAUSAL ie puesto que no tenían
- “Since they didn’t have anything else to say, they left.”
2. Why use the gerund? (use 4, sit 1 of 5)
- Caminando más rápido, llegaremos antes.
2. Cos’ CONDITIONAL ie si caminamos más rápido,
- “If we walk faster, we’ll get there quickly.”
2. Why use the gerund? (use 4, sit 1 of 5)
- Aún pidiéndole que cambiara de canal, no lo hizo.
2. Cos’ CONCESSIVE ie aunque le pedí que,
- “Even though I asked him to change the channel, he didn’t do it”
- Why use the gerund? (use 4, sit 1 of 5)
to give directions and locate objects, places or people
What is Use 5?
- Mi casa es la primera en la segunda calle girando a la derecha.
- To give directions (use 5)
- My house is the first one when you make a right on the second street.
- Why use the gerund?
- Encontrarás la oficina en el siguiente pasillo doblando a la izquierda.
- To locate people or places (use 5)
- You’ll find the office making a left on the next corridor.
- Why use the gerund?
to indicate simultaneity when describing a situation.
What is use 6?
- En la foto salía Jorge saludando a la cámara.
2. to indicate simultaneity when describing a situation (use 6)
- In the picture there was Jorge waving to the camera.
2. Why use the gerund?
- En Barcelona hay una estatua de Cristóbal Colón apuntando hacia América.
- to indicate simultaneity when describing a situation (use 6)
- In Barcelona there’s a statue of Christopher Columbus pointing to America
- Why use the gerund?
