The Rise of Fascism: Part 3

Question 1

The Third Reich

Answer 1

• 1st: Holy Roman Empire
• 2nd: German Unification, 1871
• Hitler’s followers:
• • 1. Goering - WWI fighter ace – leader of the Luftwaffe (air force)
• • 2. Himmler – SS leader (SS-Schutzstaffel or black shirt)
• • 3. Joseph Goebbels – Propaganda minister the “Big Lie”
• • 4. Rudolf Hess
• – Hitler’s secretary and thoroughly loyal to Hitler
• – second in power until 1941
• – limited intelligence but loyal

Question 2

The Three Bluffs

Answer 2

• First Bluff
• • 936 goes into the demilitarized zone Rhineland in violation of the Versailles Treaty
• • allies do nothing
• • 936 Rome-Berlin Axis
• • an agreement between Fascist powers
• • at this point Mussolini is the leader of the two
• Second Bluff
• • Annexes Austria
• • Anschluss - unification
• • Allies do nothign
• Third Bluff
• • Appeasement – avoid war at all costs
• • Hitler wanted the Sudetenland, an area in northwestern Czech
• – Had a large German population
• – Hitler’s minister of propaganda, Joseph Goebbels, went to work created the “Big Lie” spread stories about abuse of the Germans in Czechoslovakia
• – Hitler threatened to invade to save his German brothers
• – Britain and France intercede to avoid war and ad military treaties with Czechoslovakia promising help
• – Hitler claims “this is the last territorial claim I’ll ever make” – he lied
• – Eventually gave Hitler what he wanted without the consent of the Czech
• – Chamberlain claimed that “we have peace in our time”
• – Within six months Hitler took the rest of Czech

Question 3

government

Answer 3

• Nazi party controlled everything
• all other political parties outlawed
• under Heinrich Himmler, the Gestapo (secret police) brutally oppressed anti-Nazis
• torture, death, sent to concentration camps
• Brown shirts - army members loyal to Hitler
• SS - Nazi elite; most trusted guards
• Propaganda ministry led by Joseph Goebbels
• used movies, radio, press, etc. to flood Germany with Nazi cause

Question 4

education

Answer 4

• used school to influence the youth
• only Nazis could teach
• Nazi textbooks
• classes focused on Nazi goals
• chemistry - kids learned how to make poison gas
• social studies = kids learned evils of democracy
• math = kids calculated bomb distances

Question 5

women

Answer 5

• inferior social status in Germany
• excluded from politics
• major purpose - to have children and increase the population of the “master race”

Question 6

work

Answer 6

• Nazi regime set wages, hours, and working conditions
• eliminated unemployment
• public works projects - like the Autobahn, bridges, canals, public buildings, etc.
• increased production of arms
• “make guns, not butter’

Question 7

military

Answer 7

• used draft to create a large army
• Remilitarized the Rhineland
• shifted German industry to war production
• gave military training to youth in schools & youth organizations
• this violated the Treaty of Versailles, but the Allies did nothing

Question 8

persecution of the Jews

Answer 8

• ousted from jobs, businesses, and homes
• 1935 - Nuremberg Laws passed
• said anyone with at least 1 Jewish grandparent was Jewish & couldn’t be a German citizen
• placed limits on leaving Germany
• Jewish people required to wear identification badges - Stars of David

Question 9

Kristallnacht

Answer 9

• November 1938
• Night of Broken Glass
• organized attacks on Jewish homes, businesses, and synagogues

Question 10

in November of 1938, the persecution of Jews in Germany continued with the ________, a violent demonstration of anti semitism

Answer 10

• Kristallnacht

Question 11

under the Nuremberg Laws, Jews in Germany were forced to ________

Answer 11

• wear yellow stars of David to identify themselves

- renounce their German citizenship

Question 12

the bizarre irony of Adolf Hitler’s description of the ideal race in his manifesto, Mein Kampf, is that _________

Answer 12

• he looked nothing like his supposed ideal

Question 13

which of the following was NOT a reason that the Nazis were able to strengthen their hold on Germany after they took over the government

Answer 13

• the economy was still in shambles

Question 14

the job of the Gestapo was to _________

Answer 14

• brutally suppress and anti-nazi sentiment

Question 15

under Nazi leadership, all other political parties were __________

Answer 15

• outlawed

Question 16

under the Nazi regime, _______ was used very effectively

Answer 16

• tortue
• suppression
• propaganda