The red eye and adnexal oncology

Question 1

Why is eyesight unaffected in conjunctivitis?

Answer 1

conjunctiva does not overly cornea and lens unaffected aswell

Question 2

3 types of conjunctivitis

Answer 2

viral, bacterial and allergic

Question 3

Uvea

Answer 3

choroid, ciliary body and iris

Question 4

What is uveitis?

Answer 4

Inflammation in the eye

Question 5

Give examples of what is affected in anterior, intermediate and posterior uveitis

Answer 5

anterior = iris 
intermediate = ciliary body and vitreous 
posterior = choroid ,retina and blood vessels

Question 6

If blood vessels are affected in uveitis what can result?

Answer 6

papilledema

Question 7

Panuveitis

Answer 7

All layers of eye are affected

Question 8

Causes of uveitis

Answer 8

idiopathic, infection eg TB, systemic disease eg sarcoidosis, leukaemia

Question 9

Treatment of uveitis

Answer 9

infection, topical anti inflammatory and systemic steroids/immunosuppressant

Question 10

Acute angle closure glaucoma symptoms

Answer 10

severe pain, vomiting, fixed dilated pupil and lost vision

Question 11

orbital/preseptal cellulitis signs

Answer 11

red swollen eyelid which is sore, Systemically well

Question 12

causes of orbital cellulitis

Answer 12

insect bite or lid cyst

Question 13

Symptoms of orbital/preseptal cellulitis

Answer 13

double vision, conjunctivitis, blurred vision

Question 14

What is orbital cellulitis caused by?

Answer 14

sinusitis, dental infection and haematological spread

Question 15

Some diseases which can have ophthalmic presentations are….

Answer 15

diabetes, hypertension, autoimmune, haematological, inflammatory, infection, inherited

Question 16

What is the adnexal?

Answer 16

appendages of the eye

lacrimal apparatus and drainage system, orbits, eyelids

Question 17

What is a tumour?

Answer 17

Abnormal proliferation of tissue

Question 18

carcinoma meaning

Answer 18

derived from epithelium eg GI tract, skin

Question 19

Sarcoma meaning

Answer 19

derived from connective tissue eg fat, bone, nerve

Question 20

Lymphoma meaning

Answer 20

haemopoietic cells maturing in lymphatic tissue

Question 21

Leukaemia meaning

Answer 21

haemopoietic cells maturing in blood

Question 22

Blastoma meaning

Answer 22

Derived from immature precursor or embryonic cells

Question 23

Name the 2 type of epithelial cells found in the eyelid

Answer 23

squamous and basal

Question 24

Name 2 benign eyelid tumours

Answer 24

squamous cell papilloma and basal cell papilloma

Question 25

What is the most common malignant eyelid tumour?

Answer 25

basal cell carcinoma

Question 26

Squamous cell papilloma appearance

Answer 26

raspberry, pedunculated, sessile

Question 27

Squamous cell papilloma cause and treatment

Answer 27

viral

excise or laser ablation

Question 28

Basal cell papilloma appearance

Answer 28

brown greasy spots with similar raspberry texture

look stuck on and unrelated to sun exposure

Question 29

ABCDE of early signs of malignant transformation

Answer 29

Asymmetry, border (irregular), colour (varied), diameter (>6mm), evolving/growing

Question 30

EFG of concerning signs

Answer 30

Elevated, firm, growing

Question 31

Basal cell carcinoma cause

Answer 31

sun exposure on light fair skin

Question 32

Basal cell carcinoma appearance

Answer 32

slow growing, non pigmented, pearly, rolled, irregular border, elevated, ulcerated

Question 33

Basal cell carcinoma treatment

Answer 33

excise, chemo and radiotherapy, topical treatment

Question 34

How would you take the ideal biopsy?

Answer 34

margins - all tumours have different values

include some normal tissue

Question 35

Name some benign/malignant orbital tumour

Answer 35

capillary haemangioma

lymphoma, metastases