Rehabilitation in neurology Flashcards
Generally describe what impairment means
problems in body function or structure
deviation or loss
Generally describe what disability/AL means?
restriction or lack of ability to execute activities
Generally describe what a handicap/PR means?
Problems individual may have in involvement in life situations
What does AL stand for?
activity limitation - disability
What does PR stand for?
participation restriction - handicap
Give examples of handicap
out of work, cannot fill role as a mother, social role
Define rehabilitation
Restoration of patients to their fullest physical, mental and social capability
What are long term neurological conditions?
disease, injury or damage to nervous system affecting individual and family in one way or another for their whole life
Sudden onset LTNC examples
acquired brain injury
stroke
spinal cord injury
intermittent/unpredictable LTNC examples
epilepsy
early MS
Progressive LTNC examples
late MS
MND
PD
Stable LTNC examples
post polio syndrome
cerebral palsy
spina bifida
List some physical problems from LTNC
weakness, tone, bladder and bowel, swallowing, communication, vision, seizure, hearing, loss of sensation
List some cognitive problems after brain injury
post traumatic amnesia
memory, slow thinking, confusion
poor concentration and executive function
Psychiatric problems after brain injury
depression, anxiety, lazy, irritable, aggressive, selfish, personality change
How would we exam someone in rehab?
continence, swallow, mobility, mood, cognition, vision, daily living activity, hearing, communication, skin
What does SMART goals stand for?
specific measurable achievable relevant/realistic time limit
MDT members
orthotist, dietitian, OT, physio, SLT, doctor, nurse, psychiatric, social work
Define spasticity
Motor disorder characterised by increased tone and reflexes - UMN
List some complications of spasticity
poor seating/lying
fatigue, hygiene issues, spasms, feeding problems, contracture
Management of spasticity
prevention MDT anti spasticity drugs - oral physical therapy exclude exacerbating factors
Benefits of rehabilitation
greater independence greater chance of going and remaining home increased comfort improve QOL reduce assistance
Examples of acquired brain injury
hypoxic/anoxic haemorrhage traumatic head injury infective metabolic
What secondary complications does rehab prevent?
DVT constipation and malnutrition pressure sores chest infections depression MSK pain contractures
What 3 things help to classify severity of brain injury?
GCS
length of unconsciousness
PTA
Severe head injury criteria
GCS 3-8
PTA 1-7 days
Moderate head injury criteria
GCS 9-12
PTA 1-24 hours
Mild head injury criteria
GCS 13-15
PTA less than 1 hour
