The present subjunctive Flashcards by Emily Smith

what is the subjunctive?

a MOON, not a tense - refers to an opinion or hypothetical actions
three main uses: wish, emotion, doubt

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How do you make the present subjunctive?

subjunctive endings to verb stem

je -e
tu -es
il/elle/on -e
nous -ions
vous -iez
ils/elles -ent

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I think (present subjunctive)

je pense

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you think (present subjunctive)

tu parles

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one thinks (present subjunctive)

on pense

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we think (present subjunctive)

nous pensions

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you think - formal (present subjunctive)

vous pensiez

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they think (present subjunctive)

ils/elles pensent

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I say (present subjunctive)

je dise

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you say (present subjunctive)

tu dises

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he/she/one says (present subjunctive)

il/elle dise

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they say (present subjunctive)

ils/elles disent

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we say (present subjunctive)

nous disions

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you say (present subjunctive)

vous disiez

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I put (present subjunctive)

je mette

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you put (present subjunctive)

tu mettes

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he/she/one puts (present subjunctive)

il/elle mette

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we put (present subjunctive)

nous mettions

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you put - formal (present subjunctive)

vous mettiez

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they put (present subjunctive)

ils/elles mettent

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I am (present subjunctive)

je sois

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you are (present subjunctive)

tu sois

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he/she/one is (present subjunctive)

il/elle/on soit

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we are (present subjunctive)

nous osyons

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you are - formal (present subjunctive)

vous soyez

they are (present subjunctive)

ils/elles soient

I have (present subjunctive)

j'aie

you have (present subjunctive)

tu aies

he/she has (present subjunctive)

il/elle/on ait

we have (present subjunctive)

nous ayons

you have (present subjunctive)

vous ayez

ils/elles aient (present subjunctive)

they have

I can (present subjunctive)

je puisse

you can (present subjunctive

tu puisses

he, she, one can (present subjunctive)

il/elle/on puisse

we can (present subjunctive)

nous puissions

you can - fomal (present subjunctive)

vous puissiez

they can (present subjunctive)

ils/elles puissent

I know (present subjunctive)

je sache

you know (present subjunctive)

tu saches

he/she/one knows (present subjunctive)

il/elle/on sache

we know (present subjunctive)

nous sachions

you know -formal (present subjunctive)

vous sachiez

they know(present subjunctive)

ils/elles sachent

I do (present subjunctive)

je fasse

you do (present subjunctive)

tu fasses

he/she/one does (present subjunctive)

il/elle/on fasse

we do (present subjunctive)

nous fassions

you do - formal (present subjunctive)

vous fassiez

they do (present subjunctive)

ils/elles fassent

I go (present subjunctive)

j'aille

you go (present subjunctive)

tu ailles

he/she/one goes (present subjunctive)

il/elle/on aille

we go - (present subjunctive)

nous allions

you go - formal (present subjunctive)

vous alliez

they go (present subjunctive)

ils/elles aillent

I want (present subjunctive)

je veuille

you want (present subjunctive)

tu veuilles

he/she wants (present subjunctive)

il/elle veuille

we want (present subjunctive)

nous voulions

you want- formal (present subjunctive)

vous vouliez

they want (present subjunctive)

ils/elles veuillent

when there are 2 clauses, how is subjunctive used?

used when the subject of the main clause is differnet form the subject of the dependent clause, when expressing wish and/or desire eg je veux que tu achètes cet ordinateur

you want us to take a computer science course | dependent subject is subjunctive

vous désirez que nous suivons un cours d'informatique

she wishes you would go to France (dependent subject is subjunctive)

elle souhaite que tu ailles en France

he is asking us to be more efficient (dependent subject is subjunctive)

il demande que nous soyons plus effiaces

when is the subject used in cases of emotion?

the subjunctive is used AFTER expressions of emotion | eg je regrette qu'il ne puisse pas être ici

he is sorry he can't be here

je regrette qu'il ne puisse pas être ici

we are delighted that you are taking your holidays here

nous sommes quis tu tu prennes tes vacances ici

He asks that we are more efficient

il demand que nous soyons plus efficaces

I am happy that you are coming on Sunday

je suis content que tu viennes dimanche

they are disappointed that teh classe is cancelled

ils sont déçus que le cours soit annulé

when is the subunctive used in cases of uncertainty?

the verb AFTER the affirmative verb | eg je doute qu'il comprenne vos questions

I am not convinced he is right

je ne suis pas convaincu qu'il ait raison

I doubt he understands your questions

je doute qu'il comprenne vos questions

she does not think that you (form) their project interesting

elle ne croit pas que vous trouviez leur projet intéressant

I doubt he knows what he is doing

je ne pense pas qu'il sache qu'il fait

what is the difference between je ne crois pas que Daniel est coupable je ne crois pas que Daniel soit coupable (subj)

the first implies "I am sure that Daniel is innocent"; the second (subjunctive) implies greater uncertainty